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Electronic Sources for West European History and Culture

Version 2.0 June, 1994

The intent of this guide is to offer a cross-disciplinary approach to varied electronic sources directly related to European history. Because of the proliferation of sources and an attempt to keep the work within reasonable boundaries, it covers only the countries of western Europe. Within that geographical scope, the guide identifies Internet resources as diverse as listservers and the means of accessing the catalogs of European libraries. It cites other electronic information sources as varied as CD-ROM products, text and data archives, and electronic bibliographies. Through integrating interdisciplinary and cross-electronic sources within the disciplinary, geographic, or period frameworks common to historians, the guide intends to alert historians to the potential of electronic resources and to provide information that will enable them to begin to make efficient use of those resources.

Since the guide does not seek to define the boundaries of history, it includes related disciplines such as literary and cultural history, art and music. It does not intend, although some information is needed to make sources intelligible, to be a primer on Internet access or electronic techniques. The glossary of terms and techniques provides basic information about possibly unfamiliar territory. It does not substitute for other, more comprehensive works, both electronic and published, that are listed in the bibliography at the end of the text.

The revision of the guide could not have been completed without extraordinarily generous contributions from my librarian colleagues. They have generously and without reservation followed the traditions of the profession by sharing information and offering suggestions. The revision also owes significant debts to the compilers of other guides who were in many cases path breakers in a rapidly evolving field.

Although reliance on secondary sources was inevitable given the work's scope, the following text is derived, whenever possible, from personal experience or from information or self-descriptions provided by sources themselves. Personal comments based on the compiler's experiences and acknowledgements of the contributions of individuals through inclusion of their names are in {} in the following when context might be unclear as to my personal opinions.

Please send additions, corrections, questions, or suggestions to: Erwin K. Welsch West European History Librarian Memorial Library University of Wisconsin-Madison (ewelsch@WISCMACC.Bitnet) (ewelsch@vms.macc.wisc.edu)

CONTENTS I. General History

A. Listservers

B. Electronic History Journals

C. Other Resources II. Sources Arranged Chronologically By Approximate Period of Coverage: A. Ancient B. Medieval C. Renaissance, Reformation, Early Modern D. 18th Century to 1945 E. Post-1945 III. Sources arranged by country and chronologically within each: A. Austria, Central Europe, Baltic States B. England, Ireland, Wales, Scotland C. France D. Germany E. Greece F. Iberian Peninsula: Spain, Portugal G. Italy H. Low Countries: Belgium, Luxembourg, Netherlands I. Nordic Countries: Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden IV. History Sub-Disciplines A. Economic History B. Environmental History C. Genealogy (and Family History) D. Historical Methods E. History of Printing and Publishing F. History Pedagogy G. Labor History H. Military History I. Religious History J. Social History K. Urban History V. Subjects Related to History (Alphabetically) A. Anthropology B. Archaeology (and Ethnography and Folklore) C. Archives and Archivists D. Economics E. Geography F. History of Science and Technology G. Humanities and Computers H. Law I. Music and Art History J. Philosophy K. Politics and Political Science L. Social Science M. Women's Studies VI. Text Archives A. Historical Text Archives 1. Mississippi State 2. MALIN (University of Kansas) 3. Byrd (Marshall University) 4. GHETA at Groningen, Netherlands B. Other Text Archives 1. Georgetown 2. Project Gutenberg 3. Columbia University 4. Philosophy Archive 5. University of Virginia 6. The Center for Electronic Texts in the Humanities (CETH) at Rutgers 7. National Archives 8. Oxford Text Archive 9. Coombspapers Social Sciences Research Data Bank VII. HISTORY NETWORKS VIII. EUROPEAN CD-ROM SOURCES IX. RESOURCES IN EUROPE AVAILABLE THROUGH THE INTERNET X. ASSOCIATION FOR HISTORY AND COMPUTING XI. EUROPEAN EXHIBITS IN THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS XII. GENERAL ONLINE BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATABASES A. Library of Congress B. OCLC C. RLIN D. CARL E. Harvard F. BLAISE GLOSSARY A. ARCHIE B. FTP C. GOPHER D. LISTSERV E. USENET Newsgroups F. VERONICA G. WAIS H. Worldwide Web BIBLIOGRAPHY

I. General History

A. Listservers

HISTORY The History Discussion Forum is housed on various listservers. Subscribe through the one nearest to you. HISTORY@CSEARN (Peered) History HISTORY@DGOGWDG1 (Peered) History HISTORY@IRLEARN (Peered) History HISTORY@MCGILL1 (Peered) History HISTORY@PSUVM (Peered) History HISTORY@RUTVM1 (Peered) History HISTORY@UBVM (Peered) History HISTORY@UMRVMB (Peered) History "The meaning of this list is to discuss about history as a science, computers and historians, cultural development, cultural differences, and philosophy. HISTORY wants to be a discussion forum for historians and bring history closer to other sciences." Owner=113355@DOLUNI1 or TZIELKE@DGOGWDG1 (Thomas Zielke) {Some users, such as Steve Fox (foxs@axe.humboldt.edu) have been critical of HISTORY. In a note to the list itself dated Dec 3, 1992 Fox suggested that it was "not very good as far as serious discussion of history issues. Seems like every time something serious gets brought up the trivializers and/or antiquarians kill it off." A later note on electronic journals (29-JAN-1993) described it as "sometimes nutty." A note to HISTORY dated Dec. 3, 1992, from Thomas Zielke, founder of the list, thanks "all those who have helped to make HISTORY what it is today - even the antiquarians," and says that since BITNET is phasing out in Finland and HISTORY will be losing its home node (FINHUTC) subscriptions will be moved elsewhere. Subsequently (HISTORY 22-Feb-1993) Don Mabry noted that "the list is like a cocktail party. The conversation drifts from topic to topic. Sometimes, when there is a lull, people talk about whatever. At other times, the conversation becomes serious. Through it all, one learns much about how people think and what interests them. And, because of this list, electronic resources are opening up to historians throughout the world." {Topics covered seem predominantly American by volume, but the list does include information on electronic sources in history and has frequent coverage of European history. There are also frequent debates on the suitability of the list for certain types of questions as well as relatively frequent "Pleas to end this discussion." The list produces about 2,200 lines of text in a week.}

HISTOWNR@UBVM "Discussion list for owners of history-related lists." Subscription is By-owner, but Review is public. "This list shall serve two purposes: 1) the exchange of mail between all lists which are dedicated to the discussion of history-related topics. 'Mail' in this context means all postings that may be of interest to different forums, for example job advertisements, book/software reviews, announcements, information files etc. 2) the improvement of communication between the owners of history-related lists. List owners can use this list to discuss list policies and technical matters (though these discussions should rather take place on LSTOWN-L@INDYCMS), and everything that is of interest to owners of lists that discuss historical topics. As a consequence of the above purposes, membership is restricted to list owners only. Requests for subscription can be sent to LISTSERV@UBVM or to the list owner directly; in both cases the list owner decides individually whether to grant membership. HISTOWNR shall be part of the planned History Network, a more or less loose co-operation of all lists that deal with history." Does not maintain a Notebook but offers a DIGEST service as of 4/93. {Contents are very miscellaneous, ranging from graduate student questions to comments about political and social events.} Owner=113355@DOLUNI1 (Thomas Zielke)

HN-ASK-L History Network Forum. "HN-ASK-L is an unmoderated forum for discussion by members of The History Network. The History Network is an international volunteer organization comprised of history discussion list owners, managers of on-line resource sites, academic computer personnel, electronic editors, and other individuals committed to enhancing the role of computer telecommunications in historical research, developing more effective research tools, enlarging the participation of historians in the development of this medium, and generally promoting the development of a world-wide electronic community of historians.

"HN-ASK-L is intended to provide members the means of formulating projects and soliciting volunteers, discussing projects underway, asking for assistance and advice, sharing useful information, assessing the computer needs of on-line historians, and any other activity that may further the goals of the organization. Editor=LHNELSON@UKANVM,113355@DOLUNI1,(HN-ASK-L) Owner=LHNELSON@UKANVM,113355@DOLUNI1

HN-ORG-L (not yet operational) The History Network. "HN-ORG-L provides the forum for the periodic Conference of Divisions of The History Network. When the Conference of Divisions is not in session, it acts as a medium of discussion of History Network Affairs by the Divisional Directors and the Secretariat." Editor=LHNELSON@UKANVM,113355@DOLUNI Owner=LHNELSON@UKANVM,113355@DOLUNI

B. Electronic History Journals

1. CLIONET: THE AUSTRALIAN ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF HISTORY

CLIONET, a general electronic journal of history, started publication with Vol. 1, No. 1 in March, 1993 according to a copy sent to Clionet addresses on 20-MAR-1993. The first issue contained miscellaneous information ranging from general news to information about a women's history network to email listings and research guides. It is not restricted to Australian history. To subscribe, send a request to: hipgt@marlin.jcu.edu.au (Paul Turnbull)

Turnbull suggested that CLIONET might include honors students and postgraduate research as well as that of younger scholars. He hoped that it could "become the backbone of a national historical research network, facilitating exchange of data between researchers, providing access to textual, audio and visual sources in various metropolitan and regional centres, and perhaps even course materials for distance tertiary education." Another purpose was to overcome journals' economic constraints and the length of time it takes for research to be published.

CLIONET will reside in James Cook University's gopher, under "Academic Departments." Files may be read in either ASCII or PostScript versions. How copies of files are then printed or transferred to local networks will depend on what sort of hardware you have at your disposal. If you look in the JCU gopher now you will find a copy of this file which you may print or download to your own machine.

At the end of each year of operation, all CLIONET files will be printed onto microfiche and deposited with the Australian National Library. Microfiche copies, complete with an index, will be made available for sale to interested libraries and researchers.

CLIONET is interested in hearing from people willing to serve as readers or reviewers, or as part of a working group dedicated to establishing a national history network. If you are interested in receiving updates on the journal, register your email address with them.

2. HISTORY NEWS

HISTORY NEWS is a bulletin board service available via INTERNET from History and Computing, University of Glasgow. Telnet address: sun.nsf.ac.uk or 128.86.8.7 Login: janet Password: janet then type: uk.ac.glasgow.history.news

In addition to history, as of Feb., 1992, it also dealt with archeology, art history and has good coverage of software suitable for historical research as well as an extensive guide (314 items) to electronic historical data sets. {Extracted from INTERNET VOYAGER; I was not able to access and verify}

3. HUMBUL

HUMBUL - Humanities Bulletin, as of Feb. 1992, is a bulletin board service at Oxford University that is available via Internet. Telnet address: sun.nsf.ac.uk or 128.86.8.7 Login: janet Password: janet then type: uk.ac.humbul

The first time user must register on line, which is not difficult. It is possible to access British library catalogs through HUMBUL. In addition, HUMBUL has information on the "History and Macintosh Society" under Computer-based Groups which is intended for historians using Apple Macintosh computers in their work.

4. ONLINE MODERN HISTORY REVIEW

In the Humanist Discussion Group, Vol. 6, No. 0602. Thursday, 18 Mar 1993, Richard Jensen (CAMPBELLD@APSU.BITNET) called attention to the Canadian ejournal Online Modern History Review. The information downloaded by Jensen from FREENET VICTORIA (telnet to: FREENET.VICTORIA.BC.CA or 134.87.16.100 and login: GUEST under the Library and Information Services category) notes that: "<ONLINE MODERN HISTORY REVIEW>, a refereed journal published in an electronic format, is designed to satisfy the needs of the modern scholar who wants convenient and immediate access to the latest historical research.

ONLINE MODERN HISTORY REVIEW contents as of May 28, 1993: 1. Information about ONLINE MODERN HISTORY REVIEW... 2. Recent Articles--Reviewed... 3. Public Forum Articles... 4. Book Reviews and Publication Announcements... 5. Library of Historical Documents... 6. Internet Tutorials and Resource Guides... 7. Public Discussion (moderated)... 8. Public Discussion (unmoderated)... 9. Endowments, Scholarships, Grants, etc.... 10. Directory of Archives, Historical Associations and Institutes... 11. Dissertation Depository--PhD (Full-text)... 12. Dissertation Depository--MA (Full-text)...

The REVIEW is also published in an electronic format (MS-DOS -- 3 1/2" and 5 1/4" floppy) and a copy will be sent to the National Library of Canada to satisfy legal requirements.

An unique feature of the REVIEW is the OPEN FORUM. Articles designated for the OPEN FORUM will not be reviewed by referees but will be published in the form submitted. The goal is to increase contact between professional and amateur historians and to stimulate debate. Writers who seek the advice and comments of a broad audience are urged to present their research findings to the OPEN FORUM.

To submit an article or receive subscription information contact: Dr. M. Salopek, Editor <ONLINE MODERN HISTORY REVIEW> P.O. Box 36514 Richmond, British Columbia Canada, V7C 5M4 E-mail: ua833@freenet.victoria.bc.ca

"... <ONLINE MODERN HISTORY REVIEW> is published by Ecu Richmond Electronic Publisher, a division of Texxen Consulting Limited, Box 36514, Richmond, British Columbia, Canada, V7C 5M4. The editorial offices are located in Richmond, British Columbia." The ISSN no. is 1181-1151.

C. Other Resources

1. USENET News

soc.history and soc.culture.europe {Consists almost entirely of cross-postings from other regionally oriented lists with few original messages.}

II. Sources Arranged Chronologically By Approximate Period of Coverage.

A. ANCIENT

1. Listservers

ANCIEN-L@ULKYVM ANCIEN-L@ULKYVM.LOUISVILLE.EDU "History of the Ancient Mediterranean ... a forum for debate, discussion, and the exchange of information by students and scholars of the history of the Ancient Mediterranean. ANCIEN-L is ready to distribute newsletters from study groups, and to post announcements of meetings and calls for papers, short scholarly pieces, queries, and other items of interest." Owner=JACOCK01@ULKYVM (Jim Cocks)

ORTRAD-L@LISTSERV@MIZZOU1 or LISTSERV@MIZZOU1.MISSOURI.EDU "ORTRAD-L seeks to provide an interdisciplinary forum for open discussion and exchange of resources in the general field of studies in oral tradition. All those interested in the world's living oral traditions (e.g., African, Hispanic, Native American, etc.) or in texts with roots in oral tradition (e.g., the Old and New Testaments, the Mahabharata, the Iliad and Odyssey, Beowulf, etc.) are invited to join the conversation. This list should be useful for specialists in language and literature, folklore, anthropology, history, and other areas." Owner: CSOTTIME@MIZZOU1.BITNET or CSOTTIME@MIZZOU1.MISSOURI.EDU (John Foley).

CONTEX-L@UOTTAWA "Ancient Texts Discussion Group List." This is an academic special interest group (also known as a Listserv List) for all who are interested in the cross-disciplinary analysis of ancient texts. It provides a polite, scholarly, informal forum for the discussion of the social worlds behind and within the texts of antiquity.Subscription a decision by owner; review and notebook are private. Owner=441495@UOTTAWA or 441495@ACADVM1.UOTTAAWA.CA (Michael Strangelove)

IBYCUS-L@USCVM Covers ancient Greek, TLG, and PHI projects.

IOUDAIOS@YORKVM1 IOUDAIOS@VM1.YORKU.CA "First Century Judaism Discussion Forum" created 25 April 90. "IOUDAIOS (Greek for "Jew") is an electronic seminar devoted to the exploration of first-century Judaism; its special interest is in the writings of Philo of Alexandria and Flavius Josephus. ... Prospective members are warmly welcomed. (The discussion assumes a significant background in first-century Judaism and also the ability to read Greek.)" "There is currently a FileServer or "FILELIST" in use with this discussion group. To obtain a copy, send a mail/note message to LISTSERV@YORKVM1 with the one-line message: GET IOUDAIOS FILELIST or INDex IOUDAIOS." The list also publishes IOUD-REV (IOUDAIOS Review on early Christianity and Judaism); to subscribe, send the message: SUB IOUD-REV yourfirstname yourlastname to: listserv@yorkvm1 or listserv@vm1.yorku.ca {Traffic on the list is quite heavy with announcements of new publications and conferences, information about new electronic resources, and numerous questions for specialists. Extracted from LISTS IN REVIEW - A Supplement to The Religious Studies Publications Journal - CONTENTS Volume 2.011 LIR 93-03 (March 1993)} Owner, editor=dreimer4@mach1.wlu.edu (David Reimer).

CLASSICS@UWAVM "Classical Greek and Latin Discussion Group." Owner=lwright@cac.washington.edu (Linda Wright)

BMCR@MAILSERV@CC.BRYNMAWR.EDU BMCR@MAILSERV@BRYNMAWR Bryn Mawr Classical Review, the electronic version of the book review journal published since 1990 at Bryn Mawr College and the University of Pennsylvania. The editors are Richard Hamilton at Bryn Mawr and James J. O'Donnell at Penn. Electronic subscriptions are free. To subscribe, send mail to: mailserv@cc.brynmawr.edu Include no subject line and type the text: SUBSCRIBE BMCR-L To remove yourself from the list, send a similar mail message with the text: UNSUBSCRIBE BMCR-L Inquiries and submissions for the list should be sent to: bmcr@cc.brynmawr.edu Electronic publication is irregular and continual, with individual items published as available; the published material is collected and published in traditional form five or more times a year. Note for Bitnet users: As from 1 February 1992, neither Bryn Mawr nor the University of Pennsylvania is accessible directly on Bitnet. Use an address of this form: bmcr%cc.brynmawr.edu@interbit. If that does not work, consult your local experts for advice. {BMCR is an excellent, scholarly and lengthy reviews of books in the field of classics. The articles are well edited and chosen by an editorial board.} Note that this is a MAILSERV, not a LISTSERV. Contact: jodonnel@pennsas.upenn.edu (James O'Donnell)

ELENCHUS@UOTTAWA "Christianity in Late Antiquity Discussion Group." Subscription open, but review and notebook are private. Owner=GBLOOMQ@Acadvm1.uottawa.ca (Gregory Bloomquist) Owner=JKCXW@Acadvm1.uottawa.ca (Kevin Coyle)

LATIN-L@PSUVM.BITNET LATIN-L@LISTSERV@PSUVM.PSU.EDU Latin Language. "Announcing a new electronic discussion group: LATIN-L, a forum for people interested in classical Latin, medieval Latin, Neo-Latin -- the languages of choice are Latin (of course) and whatever vulgar languages you feel comfortable using. Please be prepared to translate on request. The field is open -- name your topic! ... Ave atque vale Kevin Berland for LATIN-L" Owner=BCJ@PSUVM or BCJ@PSUVM.PSU.EDU

2. Other Resources

a. THE PERSEUS PROJECT

{The project is ongoing at Harvard University. It enhances the study of Greek culture through its ability to present text and images. It is imaginative and impressive in use. One function is the ability to search an English or Greek form of the text for specific words and then use another part of the program to display images such as Greek temples or other sites in Greece.} For a discussion consult Sven Birkerts, ``Perseus Unbound,'' Harvard Magazine, November-December 1992, 57-58, 60. Also available is a videotape demonstration (Perseus Demonstration Video, ed. Gregory Crane, Yale University Press, New Haven and London, 1992; ISBN 0- 300-05246-4) and a User's Guide (Perseus 1.0 User's Guide: Interactive Sources and Studies on Ancient Greece, ed. Gregory Crane, Yale University Press, New Haven and London, 1992).

At one time there was a PERSEUS mailing list: "Perseus is intended as a users' group forum for the discussion of Perseus, an electronic multimedia resource containing texts, art and archaeological materials from the ancient Greek world. The emphasis of the list is on the use of Perseus in teaching and research. But the latest note from the listserver was that `Note: this list has been held.'" For information contact: owner= ST401601@BROWNVM (Bill Merrill) owner= ELLI@BROWNVM (Elli Mylonas)

b. THESAURUS LINGUAE LATINAE

The Thesaurus Linguae Latinae (TLL) is a collection of Latin texts to AD 200, in electronic form, published on CD-ROM by the Packard Humanities Institute (do not confuse this TLL with the series of books being put out by a scholarly project in Munich). The TLL is available for a 3-year license fee of $100 from the PHI, 300 Second Street, Suite 201, Los Altos, California 94022. Bitnet address is: xb.m07@stanford.bitnet Software is required. One package for Windows (Pharos) is available via anonymous-ftp. {Extracted from a message in the Humanist, 23 November 1992, by Willard McCarty (mccarty@epas.utoronto.ca)}

c. Scriptorium

In a message to the Humanist Discussion Group, Vol. 7, No. 0012. Monday, 17 May 1993 15 May 1993 kraft@ccat.sas.upenn.edu (Robert Kraft, editor of OFFLINE) described the SCRIPTORIUM Search Program, "inexpensive software for accessing the ancient Greek and Latin textual materials (and, of course, English material as well) from the TLG and PHI CD-ROMs!"

A trial version is available through FTP. According to rsmith1@cc.swarthmore.edu the program can be used for 30 days but then a fee of $40 is required. To receive a registration number, please send $40 in US funds, payable to DARL J. DUMONT, to: SCRIPTORIUM c/o Darl J. Dumont 15237 Sunset Boulevard suite 20 Pacific Palisades California 90272 U.S.A. The price of $40 introductory price expires on September 30, 1993, at which time we expect to introduce Scriptorium 1.1. To obtain a copy of Scriptorium electronically, FTP to: ftp.cc.swarthmore.edu or 130.58.67.9

Use "anonymous" as the login name and give your E-mail address as the password. {The system is fussy about the email address} Change to the directory /fry by giving the command "cd /fry". Be sure to set the transfer mode to binary by giving the "binary" command. (Some systems may also require the command "tenex".) Note that the transfer between your Internet machine and your PC (if they are not the same) must also be a binary mode transfer or the file will be corrupted. Type "get script10.zip" to obtain the file containing the Scriptorium program and manual. The WinGreek font package can also be acquired in the same directory as the file: wgreek18.zip

The product announcement included the following information: Scriptorium requires Microsoft Windows 3.1, which provides the ability to display and search Greek and Latin-alphabet texts from the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae's new CD-ROM #D (Greek texts to ca 600 AD), and the Packard Humanities Institute's CD-ROM's #5 (Classical Latin) and #6 (Greek Documentary Papyri). The first release of Scriptorium offers the ability to display several texts on the screen simultaneously, full support of the TLG Word Index, including the ability to view directly all citations for each word from within the index, and the ability to export text to other Windows applications (e.g. Word for Windows) via the Windows Clipboard. There is a basic word search capability, to be elaborated in a subsequent upgrade.... It requires an 80386 or higher processor, with 2 MB of RAM (bare minimum--4 MB recommended, 8MB is better yet), a 3.5 inch floppy disk drive, a Microsoft-compatible mouse and at least a 30 MB hard disk drive and VGA display capable of displaying at least 640 by 480 pixels in 16 colors.

d. TLG

The Thesaurus Linguae Graecae at the University of California- Irvine also produces Latin texts on CD-ROM and publishes an irregular newsletter. {From a communication from Theodore F. Brunner (TLG@UCI or TLG@ORION.OAC.UCI.EDU), Director}

e. Latin Dictionary

As of Spring 1993, there was an approximately 3,000 word Latin-English word list available through anonymous ftp at: kuhub.cc.ukans.edu or 128.86.8.7 cd DUA9[MALIN]/latintexts For more information, contact Prof. Lynn Nelson at: LHNELSON@UKANVM or LHNELSON@UKANVM.CC.UKANS.EDU or 129.237.32.1 {Excerpted from a note of 20 April, 1993, by Jim Cocks (JACOCK01@ULKYVM.LOUISVILLE.EDU) on RENAIS-L@ULKYVM; but when access was attempted, "insufficient privilege" was the result}

Note: See also Section XI. European Exhibits at the Library of Congress, below.

B. Medieval

1. Listservers

INTERSCRIPTA "INTERSCRIPTA is a topical online forum for medievalists. Existing discussion lists such as ANSAX-L, ChaucerNet, and MEDTEXTL provide a valuable and exciting forum for sharing information in our field. Rapid dissemination of data and spontaneous exploration of topics are vital characteristics of these lists, but those of us who subscribe to more than one list often find that these characteristics are not always advantageous; we receive more information than we can digest, and we are sometimes frustrated by the repetition, randomness, and lack of focus in topical discussions. "Interscripta is being developed as an on-line discussion group that will address these concerns. Rather than providing a completely open forum for unbounded proliferation of ideas, Interscripta will focus on discussion of a specified topic for a designated period of time; the topic will change on a regular basis. Each topic will be proposed and moderated by a scholar in the field, and at the close of the discussion, the moderator will shape the material into an article which will be distributed to all participants for review and commentary before its final revision. Finished articles will be published in the on-line journal Interscripta. "The developers of this project believe that Interscripta will provide a forum for directing and focussing our electronic discussions into organized bodies of material representative of cutting edge work in our field. Our approach encourages collaborative work, and our method of publication allows finished articles to be made available without the lag time of traditional journals. This project is not intended to displace existing discussion lists; in fact, we encourage potential moderators to scan the archives of medieval studies lists in search of topics that deserve to be honed and polished for electronic publication. "In the spirit of collaboration which is at the heart of this project, the opening topic will be a discussion of the project itself, its goals and future orientation. All those who wish to participate in this formative discussion may subscribe to Interscripta by sending the message: sub interscripta yourfirstname yourlastname to: listserver@morgan.ucs.mun.ca Please direct questions and comments to Deborah Everhart (everhart@cats.ucsc.edu) or William Schipper (schipper@morgan.ucs.mun.ca). {Extracted from an announcement on EMHIST-L (EMHIST-L@USCVM.BITNET) on 23 May 1993}

MEDIEV-L@UKANVM "MEDIEV-L is an unmoderated list provided as a forum for discussion by scholars and students of the medieval period, which, for the purposes of this list, extends from AD 283 to 1500. It is not the intention of the list management to restrict the flow of discussion, but subscribers are cautioned that BITNET lists are not to be used for commercial purposes." "MEDIEV-L is affiliated with the international HISTORY network and cooperates actively with all other lists similarly affiliated." MEDIEV-L discussions are not archived, but UKANVM History Lists maintains an anonymous/guest FTP site named MALIN (FTP KUHUB.CC.UKANS.EDU or 129.237.32.1) in the directory DUA9:[MALIN.MED-L] "It contains several topical bibliographies, articles, historiographic essays, and similar materials. {For more information see the description of MALIN, below} MEDIEV is affiliated with the international HISTORY network and cooperates actively with all other lists similarly affiliated. Editors=LHNELSON@UKANVM,JGARDNER@UKANVM (Lynn Nelson, Jeff Gardner) Owners=LHNELSON@UKANVM,JGARDNER@UKANVM (Lynn Nelson, Jeff Gardner)

MEDFEM-L@INDYCMS MEDFEM-L@INDYCMS.IUPUI.EDU "An open discussion forum for medievalist feminists." "Topics related to or touching on feminist/women's/gay/lesbian studies are welcome." Owner=iulg100@indyvax (Jennifer Rondeau)

MEDEVLIT@SIUCVMB Jeff Taylor of the English Department at Southern Illinois University-Carbondale has recently announced a new electronic discussion group on medieval English literature. Its addresses are: medevlit@siucvmb.bitnet medevlit@siucvmb.siu.edu listserv@siucvmb.bitnet listserv@siucvmb.siu.edu The new electronic discussion group is at present unmoderated. Owner=Jeff Taylor (gr4302@siucvmb.bitnet) {Excerpted from a report in REACH (Research and Educational Applications of Computers in the Humanities), Winter, 1993}

MEDTEXTL@VMD.CSO.UIUC.EDU MEDTEXTL@UIUCVMD "Medieval Text - Philology, Codicology, and Technology etc." Owner=Obenaus@UIUCVMD Owner=JMarchan@UIUCVMD

MEDSCI-L@BROWNVM.BROWN.EDU MEDSCI-L@BROWNVM.BITNET "Greetings unto all scholars of natural philosophy! MEDSCI-L is a new LISTSERV list which I have started to discuss Medieval and Renaissance science. It is open to anyone, regardless of qualification :)." Questions can be addressed to the owner." {Extracted from list announcement 19-MAR-1993} Owner=brandon@gauss.math.brown.edu (Joshua Brandon)

PERFORM@IUBVM "Medieval Performing Arts." {Has been reported to be very active.} Notebook is Private. Owner=FLANIGAN@IUBVM (Clifford Flanigan) Owner=FREJDH@UKCC.UKY.EDU (Jesse Hurlbut)

2. Other Resources

Medieval and Early Modern Data Bank

The Department of History at Rutgers has a Resource Libraries Group project called the Medieval and Early Modern Data Bank, covering circa A.D. 800-1800. It is described as a computer-based, electronic reference tool that was to go on-line in 1989-90 through RLIN. At that time, its master data set would be "vastly expanded" [according to Internet Resources Guide, compiled by NSF Network Service Center], with new material to include information on wages and prices, household size, mortality, property holding, etc., based on taxation records, wills and inventories, parish records and vital statistics, etc. For more information, contact: MEMDB Department of History, CN 5059, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903; net address: 4212001@rutmvs1.rutgers.edu

Note: See also Section XI. European Exhibits at the Library of Congress, below.

C. Renaissance, Reformation, Early Modern

1. Listservers

RENAIS-L@ULKYVM RENAIS-L@ULKYVM.LOUISVILLE.EDU "Early Modern History - Renaissance" list. "A forum for debate, discussion, and the exchange of information by students and scholars of the history of the Renaissance. RENAIS-L is ready to distribute newsletters from study groups, and to post announcements of meetings and calls for papers, short scholarly pieces, queries, and other items of interest. "The list currently does not maintain a FTP directory nor is archiving. Hopefully, this will change in the near future. "RENAIS-L is associated with the general discussion list HISTORY, and co-operates fully with other lists similarly associated." Owner=JACOCK01@ULKYVM (James A. Cocks)

ERASMUS Renaissance & Reformation Studies. Send message to: bowen@vm.epas.utoronto.ca [internet address] {It is not known whether this list is still active as of May 1993}

FICINO@UTORONTO "Renaissance and Reformation Studies" list created 28 Sept. 90. Not open for automatic subscription; prospective subscribers will receive a questionnaire from the listowner (in response to a prose request sent to Editor@epas.utoronto.cabut). The list description notes that "all those who wish to apply their knowledge and skills to its subject matter are welcome, whatever their specializations." It is " ... an international electronic seminar and bulletin board devoted to all aspects of the European Renaissance and Reformation. Although the application of computers to the texts and other cultural artifacts of these periods is a relevant topic, the primary aim of Ficino is discussion of culture in its widest sense and exchange of information amongst members. The scope of Ficino is radically inclusive, confined neither to the Italian Renaissance (as its name might suggest) nor to strictly defined periods. ... All approaches and disciplines are equally relevant. However, Ficino particularly encourages the interdisciplinary breadth of learning appropriate to Renaissance humanism. Philosophically, it operates under the assumption that knowledge is realized in dialogue; it offers the new medium of e- mail primarily in order to stimulate discovery through exploratory conversation." The monthly notebook is private. To sign onto Ficino send a prose message to: editor@epas.utoronto.ca Include a "short biographical statement of background and interests...." Owner=McCarty@VM.EPAS.UToronto.CA or mccarty@utorepas (Dr. Willard McCarty) Owner=editor@epas.utoronto.ca (Dr. Willard McCarty) Owner=bowen@epas.utoronto.ca (Prof. William Bowen)

RENDANCE@morgan.ucs.mun.ca "RENDANCE is a mailing list for discussion of Renaissance dance. The intended focus is dance reconstruction and related research, but discussion on any relevant topic is welcomed. The listserver software is similar, but not identical, to the BITNET listservs, so you may wish to send a help message to the listserver address as well." {Extracted from a message on RENAIS-L 26-MAR-1993.} Owner=andrew@bransle.ucs.mun.ca (Andrew Draskoy).

EMHIST-L@RUTVM1 EMHIST-L@USCVM "Early Modern History Forum." "This list is dedicated to the discussion of Early Modern History, with all its sub-disciplines like Social, Economic, Regional, Political History. This list is part of the History Network, a netwide coalition of history lists." Does not maintain a notebook. {Some have suggested that the list is inactive, but a posting was received as recently as March, 1993; still, the traffic volumes is quite low.} Owner=113355@DOLUNI1 (Thomas Zielke). Owner=welling@let.rug.nl (George Welling). 2. Other Resources

See Section II.B.2.: Medieval and Early Modern Data Bank.

Note: See also Section XI. European Exhibits in the Library of Congress, below.

D. 18th Century to 1945

1. Listservers

C18-L@PSUVM "18th Century Interdisciplinary Discussion." Open and unmoderated. Owner=BCJ@PSUVM

NASSR-L@WVNVM "North American Society for the Study of Romanticism." "Academic computing list for scholars of Romantic literature." Subscription by owner; review is private. Editor=DCSTEWA@WVNVM (David C. Stewart) Owner=DCSTEWA@WVNVM (David C. Stewart)

WWII-L@UBVM "WWII-L is a list dedicated to the discussion of World War II. Tactical, strategic, technological, and political discussions are, in general, welcome." Owner=jewell@mace.cc.purdue.edu (Larry Jewell)

E. POST-1945

1. Listservers

EC@INDYCMS EC@IndyCMS.IUPUI.Edu "EC (European Community) is dedicated to discussion of the European Community, and is open to all interested persons." Owner=JBHARLAN@INDYVAX.IUPUI.EDU (John B Harlan)

NATODATA@LISTSERV@CC1.KULEUVEN.AC.BE A list that distributes public data from NATO such as press releases, speeches, NATO articles, communiques, and other information. According to a note from Chris Scheurweghs from NATODATA 16-MAR-1993 "Arrangements are made to transmit the NATO REVIEW magazine by separate articles. Any new Press release will be sent as soon as it is published. Other arrangements are made with publications from the Economic Directorate and other services." Owner=scheurwe@stc.nato.int (Chris SCHEURWEGHS)

2. Other Resources

EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES ONLINE DATABASES

According to a note in GOVDOC-L@PSUVM dated June 14, 1990 reporting information from the Delegation of the Commission of the European Communities (2100 M St NW, Wash DC 20037, 202-862-9500 and from an article by Colin Hensley in Database Magazine (Dec., 1989) the issue of EC databases is still complicated since there are many databases on several hosts. There are three categories of EC databases:

1. ECHO, EC Host, a variety of bibliographic bases leading to European information. These are for the most part free; one signs a user agreement. This host includes the DIANEGUIDE, a directory of European Databases.

2. The EC's Euro-bases, including CELEX (the textual legal database), SCAD (the EC's bibl. database), ECLAS (the library catalog) and RAPID (press releases). The EC charges for access to these, but EC depository libraries may arrange for free access through the Office of Official Publications. You do pay telecommunications charges, of course (Timenet or Telenet connecting to LUXPAC in Luxembourg).

3. Statistical office databases, chiefly CRONOS (general stats), COMEXT (trade), and REGIO (social and economic). These are accessible for a fee through private vendors; in the US it is Wharton Econometric, 800-322-9332.

The CELEX database is available on CD-ROM (called JUSTIS) from Global Transactions Inc., PO Box 298, Martinsville, NJ 08836 (201- 560-3434)."

III. Sources arranged by country. Within country, listservers and other mailing lists are arranged chronologically. They are followed by other online resources: library catalogs, bibliographies, etc.

A. AUSTRIA, CENTRAL EUROPE, BALTIC STATES

1. Listservers

BALT-L@UBVM.BITNET "Baltic Republics Discussion List." There is also a USENET Newsgroup: bit.listserv.balt-l Owner=snidely!balt@WLV.IIPO.GTEGSC.COM (S. Akmentins) Owner=A.E.B.BEVAN@OPEN.AC.UK (Edis Bevan) Owner=JMYHG@UOTTAWA (Jean-Michel Thizy) Editor=A.E.B.BEVAN@OPEN.AC.UK (Edis Bevan)

HABSBURG@PURCCVM "Austrian History since 1500." Owner=ingrao@purccvm (Charles Ingrao)

MIDEUR-L@UBVM MIDEUR-L@CCS.CARLETON.CA "Discussion of Middle Europe topics." There is also a USENET Newsgroup: bit.listserv.mideur-l Owner= gfrajkor@CCS.CARLETON.CA (Jan George Frajkor)

2. Other Resources

a. Universitaet Wien (Vienna)

The online catalogs of a number of Austrian libraries are available through the Internet. To access the libraries in this online public catalog, Telnet to: opac.univie.ac.at Hit RETURN on the first screen if you are using a VT100 Type "o" or "library" to get into the library system Type "verbund" to search all libraries, or one of the codes listed below. Hit RETURN to begin your search Use TAB to go to each of the fields; RETURN to search. Help on which keys should be used to enter desired commands may be obtained by typing ESC h. (This is NOT help for the use of the online catalog.)

To exit, type "ende", or ESC xx.

Searching is in German. Note that the system substitutes other characters for diacritics: "a" with umlaut appears as "{", "u" with umlaut appears as "}", "O" with umlaut appears as "", and so on.

The following libraries may be searched from this entry point. To search within a particular library, type in its code at the prompt "Bitte Code f}r die gew}nschte Bibliothek eingeben und mit Datenfreigabe best{tigen: --------"

To search all the libraries, use the code "VERBUND"

Code Library Name

VERBUND Gesamter Verbund BSTG Bibliothek St. Gabriel FIBA Forschungsinstitut Brenner-Archiv (Innsbruck) OEPH Oesterreichische Phonothek ONB Oesterreichische Nationalbibliothek UBG Universitaetsbibliothek Graz UBI Universitaetsbibliothek Innsbruck UBL Universitaetsbibliothek Linz UBS Universitaetsbibliothek Salzburg UBWW Universitaetsbibliothek der Wirtschaftsuniversitaet Wien UBW002 Universitaetsbibliothek Wien

{I have found the searching to be very slow, perhaps due to poor network connections with Austria}

G. OESTERREICHISCHE HISTORISCHE BIBLIOGRAPHIE ON-LINE

The Oesterreichische Historische Bibliographie is available over the Internet from a computer in Klagenfurt. It contains 100,000 records after 1945.

Telnet: lcom.edvz.uni-klu.ac.at or 143.205.56.9

Username: oehb You're asked for your name and institution and then you're in. Read the help files. Searching is possible by Stichwort, Person, Autor (einschl. Herausgeber), Klassifikation (the subject divisions in the OHB), or Zeitschriften. It's also possible to combine searches,e.g., an author or topic in a particular journal or classification. {Extracted from information supplied by James Campbell (jmc@poe.acc.virginia.edu)}

{I have found searching this database over the net to be impossibly slow, even on off hours and that there are other impediments to use. It is not user friendly.}

B. ENGLAND, IRELAND, WALES, SCOTLAND

1) General:

ALBION-L@UCSBVM "British and Irish History." "Albion is a discussion list for British and Irish history. All periods and interdisciplinary concerns are welcome. Please keep your discussions serious, scholarly, and academic." Owner=GD03JTC@UCSBVM (Joe Coohill) Owner=6500hms@ucsbuxa

2) Chronologically by Period Covered:

ANSAX-L@WVNVM "ANSAXNET Discussion Forum." History and culture of England before 1100 and the early Medieval period throughout Europe. "A SIG (Special Interest Group) for scholars of the culture and history of England before 1100 A.D. Scholars interested in the later English Middle Ages and those interested in the early Medieval period throughout Europe are also encouraged to join the list. Members receive a directory of all our members in order to facilitate telecommunications, and a monthly electronic report to which they are encouraged to contribute announcements and information. This report often provides members with new information about the use of computers in some aspect of their disciplines, as well as news of more conventional developments in the field. We also have projects underway to encode databases which members may use in their own work. To this end, we are now working on the details of distributing to the membership a database of all manuscripts written or owned in England before 1100. Anyone who wants to be a member of ANSAXNET should send e-mail to the Coordinator, including a conventional mailing address and some information about your particular interests in early medieval cultural studies." {Taken from REACH, University of California, Santa Barbara.} Coordinator=U47C2@WVNVM.WVNET.EDU (Patrick W. Conner)

OE-CALL@WVNVM "An electronic newsletter for persons interested in computer- assisted language learning methods for teaching Old English. The newsletter is edited by Clare Lees and Patrick W. Conner and is a publication of ANSAXNET, on whose server it is resident. OE-CALL seeks to provide an electronic forum for discussion of the use of computers in teaching Old English and related subjects, and act as a clearing-house for information about relevant software, research projects, conferences, and publications. We encourage subscribers to submit their own views on software or recent conference sessions/computing demonstrations; we will include any relevant reports on research and development in future issues ... We prefer to send out issues in electronic form only, but will mail copies to subscribers who have no access to computing facilities." To obtain copies, contact (U47C2@WVNVM); the 1st issue is out; 2nd in preparation as of 12/92. Editor=LEES@FORDMURH.BITNET (Clare Lees) Editor=U47C2@WVNVM.BITNET (Patrick W. Conner)

GAELIC-L@IRLEARN GAELIC-L%IRLEARN.BITNET@VM1.NODAK.EDU GAELIC-L@IRLEARN.UCD.IE "GAELIC Language Bulletin Board. A multi-disciplinary discussion list set up to facilitate the exchange of news, views, information in Scottish Gaelic, Irish and Manx." Coordinator=MGUNN@IRLEARN (Marion Gunn) Owner=CAOIMHIN@SMO.AC.UK (Caoimhin P. O/ Donnai/le) Owner=MGUNN@IRLEARN (Marion Gunn)

CELTIC-L@IRLEARN CELTIC-L@IRLEARN.UCD.IE. "The Celtic Culture List." Owner=globalcp%cue.bc.ca@uvvm.uvic.ca Owner=Culture.smaccona@ccvax.ucd.ie

WELSH-L@IRLEARN "WELSH Language Bulletin Board ... to foster the amicable discussion of questions of the Welsh language, Welsh culture, history, and politics, and to offer a forum for speakers and learners of the Welsh language. Both Welsh and English may be used. Users are encouraged to exchange their opinions in Welsh ... and special consideration may be given to Welsh learners expressing themselves in Welsh ... The emphasis will be on Welsh as a living language, and Welsh culture as actually lived out in Wales at the present day. Discussions of Celtic myth in general, the relationship between Celtic paganism and Anglo-Saxon Wicca, etc. will probably find a more ready audience on the CELTIC-L bulletin board at IRLEARN.UCD.IE." Archives of WELSH-L and related files are stored in the WELSH-L FILELIST To receive a list of files send the command INDEX WELSH-L to: LISTSERV@IRLEARN Owner=BRIONY@CSTR.EDINBURGH.AC.UK (Briony Williams) Owner=EVERSON@IRLEARN (Michael Everson)

CURIA-L@IRLEARN "Discussion of the Curia database of Irish Manuscripts." Owner=CBTS8001@IRUCCVAX

CAMELOT@CASTLE.ED.AC.UK Arthurian discussion list, dealing with mythology and history surrounding King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table. To subscribe, send a note to: REQUEST-CAMELOT@CASTLE.ED.AC.UK

CHAUCER@UNLINFO.UNL.EDU. Chaucernet is an unedited discussion group devoted to the works of Geoffrey Chaucer and medieval English literature and culture in the period 1100-1500. The list is sponsored by the New Chaucer Society and is open to all who are interested in Chaucer.

Owner=tbestul@crcvms.unl.edu or tbestul@unlvax1.bitnet (Thomas Bestul)

MEDEVLIT@SIUCVMB "Medieval English literature discussion list ... 'YE KNOWE EK THAT IN FORME OF SPECHE IS CHAUNGE...'" Notebook is private. Owner=GR4302@SIUCVMB (Jeff Taylor)

REED-L@UTORONTO "Records of Early English Drama Discussion" list created on 22 Nov. 88. Owner=reed@epas.utoronto.ca (Dr. Abigail Young)

SHAKSPER@UTORONTO "Shakespeare Electronic Conference" created 16 July 90. Notebook is private. Owner=hmcook@boe00.minc.umd.edu (Hardy Cook) Editor=hmcook@boe00.minc.umd.edu (Hardy Cook) Editor=ksteele@epas.utoronto.ca (Ken Steele)

MILTON-L@URVAX Discussion of the life and literature of John Milton. Milton- L is a moderated list but not run on a LISTSERV; please direct any requests to: Milton-request@URVAX.BITNET or Milton-request@urvax.urich.edu Internet nodes will be able to retrieve files via Anonymous FTP to: urvax.urich.edu or 141.166.36.6 Files pertaining to Milton-L will be kept in the MILTON directory. Bitnet nodes may request files from: Milton-request@URVAX These files cannot be sent automatically, but will be sent as requests are processed. Currently, the biographies files, MILTON.BI0 and MILTON.BI1, and the digest logs are available. As new files accumulate, they will be reported in the digests. All members are invited to share any texts or files that may be of interest to list subscribers. If you would like to receive copies of earlier posts, please send your request to: Milton-request@URVAX.BITNET or to: Milton-request@urvax.urich.edu Please send all posts to: Milton-L@URVAX.BITNET or to: Milton-L@urvax.urich.edu Coordinator=CREAMER@urvax.urich.edu (Kevin J.T. Creamer)

AUSTEN-L@MCGILL1 "A digest for readers of Jane Austen" and "her contemporaries, such as Fanny Burney, Maria Edgeworth and Mary Wollstonecraft." Owner=Dr. Jacqueline Reid-Walsh Owner=michael@vm1.McGill.CA

VICTORIA@IUBVM or VICTORIA@@IUBVM.UCS.INDIANA.EDU "VICTORIA--The Listserv of Victorian Studies. VICTORIA is an electronic conference devoted to the interdisciplinary field of Victorian Studies and dedicated to the sharing of information and ideas about any and all aspects of 19th-century British culture and society. Covering a period even longer than the reign of its namesake (say, 1790 to 1914), VICTORIA equally welcomes the contributions of students of literature, art, social history, gender studies, politics, publishing, intellectual history, or what-have-you. "For the most passionate devotee of literary theory as well as the most hardheaded empiricist, VICTORIA provides that beloved Victorian thing, a "cheap luxury," in the shape of a free electronic forum for the exchange of research ideas and queries, notices of recent books and articles, conference listings, and job announcements, and for lively discussion of any issues, large or small, that bear on the study of 19th-century Britain." {Extracted from HISTORY 14-FEB-1993} Editor=PLEARY@IUBACS.BITNET or PLEARY@UCS.INDIANA.EDU (Patrick Leary) Editor=IVAA@UTMARTN.BITNET or EVERETT@UTKVX.UTK.EDU (Glenn Everett)

MODBRITS@KENTVM "Modern British and Irish Literature: 1895-1955" Editor=modbreds@kentvm Owner=modbreds@kentvm

FWAKE-L@IRLEARN "A forum for a broad discussion about James Joyce's FINNEGANS WAKE. The James Joyce Institute of Ireland's Finnegans Wake Study Group has been doing their best to get the jokes in Finnegans Wake for the past decade or so. The Study Group thinks it is time for such groups to pool their findings." "All requests to be added to or deleted from the mailing list, or to have files distributed, should be sent to the Coordinator." Coordinator: MOKELLY@IRLEARN (Michael O'Kelly)

FWAKEN-L@IRLEARN "Finnegans Wake - Textual Notes." Notebook is private. Owner=MOKELLY@IRLEARN (Michael P. O'Kelly) Editor=MOKELLY@IRLEARN (Michael P. O'Kelly)

There is also a discussion list on Joyce at the University of Utah, but it is not a typical listserver. To add your name to the mailing list, send a message to: j-joyce-request@cc.utah.edu To send to a person on the list, send to: j-joyce@cc.utah.edu {According to information from Heyward Ehrlich (ehrlich@andromeda.rutgers.edu) on May 17, 1993}

TOLKIEN@JHUVM "List for J.R.R.Tolkien's books' readers. Owner=gandalf@malloco.ing.puc.cl

IRL-POL@IRLEARN LISTSERV@IRLEARN.BITNET "IRL-POL is for the discussion of current Irish Politics. This is defined as being the politics of the Republic of Ireland (26 counties) since 1922. Postings about Northern Ireland are welcome if they relate directly to the political process in the Republic. Postings about Hunger strikes, IRA attacks, or the Rev Ian Paisley are *NOT* welcome. Postings about elections, opinion polls, political figures etc are all welcome so long as they relate to the politics of the Republic of Ireland." Owner=bridec92@irlearn.ucd.ie (James P. McBride) Owner=kelehc91@irlearn.ucd.ie (Fin Keleher)

3. Other Resources

a. USENET News

soc.culture.british Mostly political or social commentary.

soc.culture.celtic Mostly political or social commentary, especially Irish.

b. Book of Kells The Book of Kells is available at the FTP site: jupiter.csd.unb.ca

{According to a note by Jon Williams in History, 13-Apr-93}

c. Current Research in Britain (CRIB)

CRIB has previously been produced in print and online by the British Library, but is now being produced by Longman Cartermill, Ltd. Longman has also brought out a CD-ROM version.

CRIB "contains details of current projects at UK universities and some other research laboratories, giving staff names, project titles, funding sources and sometimes publications. It covers science, social science, arts and humanities."

Longman also produces BEST, which is a CD-ROM database on research in science and technology; this complements CRIB. Their address is: Longman Cartermill Limited, Technology Centre, St. Andrews, Fife, Scotland, KY16 9EA, United Kingdom; phone: (44) 334-77660; fax: (44) 334-77180. {Extracted from a note by Frank Norman (f-norman@nimr.mrc.ac.uk)}

d. Online Library Catalogs

1) The Cambridge University Library catalogue has become available through a new and easy to use connection. Telnet: ipgate.cam.ac.uk or 131.111.12.21

Following is a partial recording of a session:

Trying 131.111.12.21 ... Connected to janus.csi.cam.ac.uk. Escape character is '^]'.

**** University of Cambridge Telnet->X.29 Gateway **** Enter the name of the X.29 host or service you want to call, for example, uk.ac.cam.ul (University Library). -> ul

+++ Spad (1.23-6 of 1993/01/05) connected +++ Press Ctrl/P followed by B to generate an interrupt. Press Ctrl/P followed by A to interact with the gateway PAD. Use the PAD command "clear" to clear the call.

Cambridge University Library catalogue (UK.AC.CAM.UL)

If your terminal is DEC VT100 compatible, type Y and press RETURN, or just press RETURN if not: y

Does this display as an e acute ->i<-, type Y and press RETURN if it is, or just press RETURN if not:

CATS15 -- version of 13NOV91 Table of file names read. Entries = 18 Files available are CAT DEP SER BIR AXS MAX MUS MIP LIB IPF NAF GBC WAD JAP MBF JUC CHX OPX

***************************************************************** CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY ON-LINE CATALOGUE SYSTEM Please report any problems you may experience to either: Hugh Taylor (Cataloguing) [HT@UK.AC.CAM.ULA] or Chris Sendall (Automation) [CHRIS@UK.AC.CAM.ULA] FILE RECORDS

University Library post-1977 imprints ca. 725,000 University Library pre-1978 borrowable books ca. 570,000 Union Catalogue of Departmental & College Libraries 821,595 Cambridge Union List of Serials ca. 115,000

Press RETURN to continue :

CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY ON-LINE CATALOGUE SYSTEM:

1. University Library Main Building - catalogue of post-1977 imprints 2. University Library Main Building - title index of pre-1978 borrowable books 3. Union Catalogue of Departmental & College Libraries 4. Cambridge Union List of Serials 5. Cambridge Libraries Directory (including abbreviations) The following search methods are available:

1. Name and/or title keyword search 2. Browsable name index 3. Browsable subject index 4. Concise search 5. Change to other catalogues or Finish searching

{One type END to finish a search. A search using just keyword was implemented quickly and yielded good results. The BROWSABLE SUBJECT INDEX, which provides access to the on-line catalogue by subject heading only, was particularly useful}

Note: Internet access to the Cambridge University OPAC has been much improved following the introduction of a new gateway by the University Computing Service. The gateway makes access to the OPAC much simpler for Internet users. Details of the new access arrangements are as follows. Call Internet address: ipgate.cam.ac.uk then to connect to the catalogue. Type: ul {Extracted from a note by Hugh Taylor (ht@uk.ac.cam.ula or ht@ula.cam.ac.uk), Head of Cataloguing, Cambridge University Library}

2. King's College, London

King's College London Information Server (also acts as a gateway to other services, but others asked for passwords)

Telnet to: INFO.KCL.AC.UK or 137.73.2.6 Username: INFO

Information is available on the following topics:

1. INTRODUCTION King's Information Service: Pilot Project 2. COLLEGE [EXP] General College Information 3. COURSES [EXP] Courses offered by King's College 4. SCHOOLS [EXP] Schools & Academic Departments 5. STUDENTS_UNION [EXP] KCLSU & Student Societies 6. COMPUTING_CENTRE Computing Centre Information 7. LIBRARY College Library 8. AUDIO_VISUAL Audio Visual Services 9. DIRECTORIES College & External Directories 10. NETWORK_SERVICES National and International Information Sources 11. COMMENTS Comments on the KIS System 12. HELP Help with using the KIS System {Extracted from a note by Peter Scott (aa375@freenet.carleton.ca)}

C. FRANCE

1. Listservers

balzac-1@cc.umontreal.ca This is "the only French list about French literature and culture." "Balzac-1 is not a listserv." It is unmoderated, and has about 150 members in North America, France, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands and Australia. Discussions are conducted in French and English. To subscribe, send a note to: balzac-1-request@cc.umontreal.ca {Extracted from a note by John D. Jones, Marquette University (6563JONESJ@VMS.CSD.MU.EDU), 21 February 1993}

FRANCEHS@UWAVM "List for French history scholars." "FRANCEHS ... exists as a service to those engaged in the historical study of France. It serves as a forum for the discussion of scholarly or professional topics of interest to French historians and scholars in allied fields (such as Art History, Anthropology, Architecture, Literature, Philosophy, Political Science, Sociology, among others) whose research and teaching relate to France and its past. FRANCEHS may also serve to distribute calls for papers, job listings, questions about archives and other research resources, announcements of conferences or any other information of general interest to scholars pursuing historical perspectives of France. Please note that the purview of FRANCEHS extends to former French colonies, Belgium, Quebec, and other French-speaking areas. Owner=jonas@stein.u.washington.edu or jonas@u.washington.edu or jonas@paris.history.washington.edu (Raymond Jonas)

EROFILE@UCSBUXA "Erofile is a free electronic newsletter that provides reviews of the latest books associated with French and Italian studies. This includes the following areas: literary criticism, cultural studies, film studies, pedagogy, and software. Erofile also provides a forum for comments on previously published reviews in an effort to create an on-going dialogue on issues relevant to the field. ... EROFILE will disseminate a collection of solicited and unsolicited reviews and therefore welcomes submissions from QUALIFIED reviewers. Publishers of scholarly journals in appropriate fields may also wish to consider sending backlogged reviews to EROFILE for early electronic publication. The well- known interdisciplinary journal, SUBSTANCE, has already shown interest in such an arrangement." Submissions, subscription requests and questions on policy should be sent to the editors at: EROFILE@ucsbuxa.bitnet or EROFILE@ucsbuxa.ucsb.edu There is also an FTP site: uscbux.ucsb.edu or 128.111.122.50 which has its REACH archives.

2. Other Resources

a. ARTFL (American and French Research on the Treasury of the French Language)

ARTFL (known as FRANTEXT in France) is a growing database of over 2500 major French language texts available online to member institutions. Their publicity lists 183 million word occurrences, 2330 works, 3241 "treated texts", of which 20% are non-literary texts taken from 70 disciplines from the 19th and 20th centuries, 900 authors, 450 publishers, and 53 operating public-access sites in addition to the BPI, including sites throughout Europe and in Japan. One can with ease search for a word and determine its frequency of use by century or identify an obscure quotation. The software is remarkably flexible and can be adapted to a variety of situations. Subject-searching is more complex since the software is word-oriented. Nor can it respond to all needs since of corpus, while substantial, is not comprehensive. {Based on information from Jack Kessler (kessler@WELL.SF.CA.US) and his translation of a work on FRANTEXT by Jacques Lemarignier (faule@univ-rennes1.fr)} Kessler notes that Lemarignier's work will appear in a forthcoming book, _Les banques de donne'es litte'raires, comparatistes et francophones_, edited by Alain Vuillemin (Limoges: Presses de l'Universite' de Limoges et du Limousin, forthcoming 1993) which includes articles on the use of computers for literary research, at the Bibliothe`que de France, on "Des banques de donne'es sur les e'tudes litte'raires francophones" and other topics of interest to those concerned with the availability and manipulation of etexts for French literature and related fields.

According to its ARTFUL Assistant Director, Mark Olsen (mark@TIRA.UCHICAGO.EDU or mark@gide.uchicago.edu), the database contains a copy of the FRANTEXT database, which it makes available via telnet (artfl@artfl.uchicago.edu) to subscribers (US$500 per year), together with a special, improved interface, and e-mail, ftp, and offline photocopying services. Olsen is extremely helpful in providing information. He freely distributes extensive user documentation and a good bibliography on ARTFL and on the general FRANTEXT concept.

Mark has provided the following information (16-DEC-1992) from the ARTFL Project Newsletter (Vol. 8, No. 1, Winter 1992-93). The ARTFL Newsletter is now being distributed electronically. Address requests to Mark Olsen (mark@tira.uchicago.edu). The newsletter notes that "ARTFL is a cooperative project between: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and The University of Chicago." And in response to the question "Who uses this thing, anyway? And how?" notes that "use of the ARTFL database has continued to increase steadily. From eight subscribing institutions in 1988, the ARTFL Consortium has grown to over forty institutions in the United States and Canada." He goes on to say that "teachers and researchers turn to it to trace the introduction and development of new concepts and the reworking of old ones over time; to study the crystallization of ideas in key terms; to examine patterns and shifts in language use; to look at the dynamics at work between particular texts and more general usage; and, more simply, to help students get a better sense of the language."

ARTFL now supports limited use of the INFL Morphological Analyzer, a context-free system which identifies many aspects of every word in a sentence, including the tense, gender, part of speech, and other data.

ARTFL is currently testing with the intent to release a new version of PhiloLogic used to access the Treasury of the French Language database. The new system has a number of important features, which include phrase searching, full regular expression pattern matching, indexing on proper names and accented characters, statistical generation, inflected verb searching, and more flexible KWIC display.

The 130 new texts incorporated into this version of the database include the works of Moliere, Racine, Corneille, Rabelais and other 16th and 17th century texts.

A note from Jack Kessler (kessler@well.sf.ca.us) reports that: "The `Pancatalogue' is intended to become the French online national union catalog. It currently consists of 460,000 records, representing 1,236,000 holdings, drawn from three sources: the Bibliotheque Nationale, OCLC, and `SIBIL' (see below). The Pancatalogue can be reached via Minitel by dialing '3617 PANCA', as J.A.Hayoz said. From here in France this currently costs Ff.12 plus 2.19/minute, or about US 45 cents per minute, for the general public.

"You can get access to Minitel from North America by calling (voice) (212)399-0080: they will send you a free diskette, which you can copy and distribute freely, containing the software enabling your Mac or DOS personal computer's modem to dial a (usually) local telephone number to reach both US and French online services. Charges are billed to a credit card and usually are very low -- comparable to the public charges here in France.

"`SIBIL' is a subset of the Pancatalogue . It is a database containing 400,000 catalogue entries of about 30 French libraries -- those running `SIBIL' software, 22 university libraries plus a few others You can reach `SIBIL' via Minitel by dialing `3615 SF' (a little cheaper than the Pancatalogue).

"Both the Pancatalogue and SIBIL may be reached from the Internet via TN3270 to: FRMOP22.CNUSC.FR or 131.196.1.3

{I have had difficulty accessing French online catalogs and have not yet mastered whatever it needed to get into the systems and get out of them. Online Help seemed minimal and not helpful. The instructions I had about SIBIL access through FRMOP22 were: At the CNUSC screen tap Return, then 3 and Return. At the SIBIL screen tap Return. At the next menu, search in French or Type 12 to search in English but the system hung and was not responsive. It may be the result of communication difficulties through my local site since the French gophers did not respond well either.}

b. USENET News

soc.culture.french Miscellaneous topics from finding hotels to politics in French and English. {The service seems moderate and well- organized.} The files are archived and available by anonymous FTP from local sites as well as from: grasp1.univ-lyon1.fr or 134.214.100.25 in the directory: /pub/faq/culture-french-faq. By listserv: send the following commands to listserv@grasp1.univ-lyon1.fr get faq culture-french-faq/part0 get faq culture-french-faq/part1 get faq culture-french-faq/part2

c. Electronic Resources in Romance Studies Frank Di Trolio of Florida State University has produced an excellent guide for the Romance Languages Discussion Group, called "Electronic Resources in Romance Studies." His address is: FranDiT@nervm.bitnet

d. OPACs via Minitel The following list includes French library catalogs (OPACS) available through Minitel. Minitel is accessible in the US. It is not a free service (in order to access Minitel you need a credit card). Free communication packages (MAC or DOS) to establish a connection between your computer/modem and Minitel are available from the Minitel office in the US (Minitel Services Company, 888 Seventh Avenue, 28th floor, New York, NY 10106; tel. (212) 399-0080).

3614 TOLBIAC Bibliothe`que de France (info.-- no opac, yet) 3614 BMLYON Bib.Municipale de Lyon (info.+ opac) 3614 BIB Bib.Municipale de Grenoble (info.+ opac) 3615 ABCDOC Archives, Bibliothe`ques, Centres de Documentation (directory) 3615 BPI Bibliothe`que Publique d'Information (Centre Pompidou, Paris) (info.+ opac) 3615 DASTUM Photote`que Dastum (info.+ opac) 3615 MIRADOC Bibliothe`que Universite' de Metz (info.+ opac) 3615 SF SIBIL (national union catalog -- books) 3615 VDP15 Vide'othe`que de Paris (info.+ opac) 3615 VILLETTE Me'diathe`que, Cite' des Sciences et de l'Industrie (info.+ opac) 3617 CCN Catalogue Collectif National des Publications en Se'rie (national union catalog -- serials) 22.97.11.11 Amiens, Bibliothe`que d' (info.+ opac) 90.49.38.88 Arles, Bibliothe`que Municipale d'(info.+ opac) 31.86.14.14 Caen, Bibliothe`que Municipale de (info.+ opac) 16.1.64.48.60.07 Chilly-Mazarin, Bibliothe`que de (info.+ opac) 16.1.42.77.19.16 IRCAM (Centre de Recherche Musicale, Centre Pompidou) (opac) 49.73.23.30 Niort, Bibliothe`que de (info.+ opac) 20.25.43.50 Tourcoing, Me'diathe`que de (info.+ opac)

{Extracted from a note from Kurt De Belder, New YorK University (Kurt_De_Belder.INTERNET@yccatsmtp.ycc.yale.edu), 2 February 1993}

Note: See also an article by P. Warren-Wenk in the May 1993 issue of CD-ROM PROFESSIONAL, called "French-Language Databases in the Social Sciences and Humanities-An Overview." {Taken from a note by Adan Griego (lb10adan@ucsbuxa.bitnet), University of California, Santa Barbara}

D. GERMANY

1. Listservers

a. General

GRMNHIST@DGOGWDG1 GRMNHIST@USCVM "German History Forum." German history from 800 AD; otherwise, there is no limitation on subject or period; all sub- fields of German History will be handled unless there exists a more specialized forum for the topic in question. This list is part of the History Network, a netwide coalition of history-related lists. Please send requests, questions, complaints etc to the list owners." {One user noted in 12/92 that he had "been on this list for a while now and there hasn't been much activity."} Does not maintain a notebook. Owner=113355@DOLUNI1 or tzielke@DGOGWDG1 (Thomas Zielke) Owner=rehbock@cats.ucsc.edu (Gary Lease)

GWDG-NEU GWDG-NEU@DGOGWDG1 Mitteilungen der GWDG.

GWDTCP-L GWDTCP-L@DGOGWDG1 TCP/IP-Liste der GWDG.

deutsche-liste@ccu.umanitoba.ca "We are presently about 85 members, most of them members of the Canadian Association of University Teachers of German. But we try to expand beyond our association. Anyone with an interest in German language, literature and culture is encouraged to subscribe." {Note that this is not a listserv. Send an informal note to deutsche-liste-request@ccu.umanitoba.ca} list owner=colappe@ccu.umanitoba.ca (Claus O. Lappe)

RIBO-L-Request@URIACC.URI.EDU or RIBO-L-Request@URIACC.BITNET RIBO-L is a German/English discussion group that seeks to help establish contacts and to encourage language learning between readers in Germany and elsewhere. {Correspondence tends to be in German and to be oriented towards enhancing the exchange of information between readers in Germany and elsewhere as well as improving the use of another language through the exchange of partners' addresses.}

b. Chronologically by period

GERLINGL@UIUCVMD "Older Germanic languages (to 1500), their linguistics and philology. We are theory-insensitive; any theoretical bent is permitted. The language of discussion is English." Owner=OBENAUS@UIUCVMD Owner=JMARCHAN@VMD.CSO.UIUC.EDU Owner=ANTONSEN@UX1.CSO.UIUC.EDU

HEGEL@VILLVM "Discussion list for HEGEL society." Review and subscription are private. Owner=STEPELEV@VUVAXCOM (Dr. Stepelevitch)

HESSE-L@UCSBVM "This international discussion group is devoted to the study of the life and literary works of Hermann Hesse, the Swiss-German Nobel Prize-winner of 1946. It is edited and published electronically by Professor Gunther Gottschalk of the University of California, Santa Barbara, and will include pertinent texts, interpretations, analyses, critiques, reviews, messages, announcements, bibliographies on Hesse and his world. The principal languages of the list will be English and German. The list is intended to establish better contacts among readers of Hesse and to enliven the discussion of his works." Editor=HCF2HESS@UCSBUXA (Gunther Gottschalk) Editor=gottscha@informatik.uni-frankfurt.de (Gunther Gottschalk) Owner=9531NIVE@UCSBVM (Cody R. Nivens) Owner=HCF2HESS@UCSBUXA (Gunther Gottschalk)

9NOV89-L@DB0TUI11 9NOV89-L@UTDALLAS "Events around the Berlin Wall and E. Europe." "Mailing list for whoever may attach a meaning to the date of 9.11.1989 (or 89-11-09, or 11/9/89). The list name reflects the most important event in the recent German history, but it can't and shouldn't be seen isolated from what happened, and is now happening, in Poland, the USSR, and Hungary before." To subscribe, send a message to: LISTSERV@UTDALLAS (BITNET) or LISTSERV%UTDALLAS.BITNET@VM1.NODAK.EDU (Internet) with the following command in the body (text) of the message: SUB 9NOV89-L yourfirstname yourlastname where your name is your real name, not your login ID. Example: SUB 9NOV89-L John Doe Coordinator=HABERNOL%UTDALLAS.BITNET@VM1.NODAK.EDU (Thomas Habernoll) "Unfortunately the people living in the German Democratic Republic will not be able to participate in this discussion, because they are not (yet?) on this network.... And yes, dear Joe Techno, all this will influence even such important things as our networks." Coordinator=Gerard Gschwind (GSCHWIND@DBOTUI11.bitnet)

S-PRESS@DCZTU1 "Netzwerk der studentischen Presse in Deutschland."

GER-RUS@VM1.NoDak.EDU GER-RUS@NDSUVM1 "Discussion of Germans from Russia topics, research information, etc. " Established Nov. 10, 1991. Owner=NU021140@NDSUVM1 (Michael Miller)

2. Other Resources

a. HOLOCAUST AND FASCISM ARCHIVE INFORMATION

Files related to the collective events known as the Holocaust are now available from The Old Frog's Almanac via listserv. To obtain a current list of available material, address your message to: listserv@oneb.almanac.bc.ca Include the single line: index holocaust {The list, entitled INDEX HOLOCAUST, contains information on over 300 files ranging from personal accounts on Auschwitz (auschwitz.02, 7308 bytes by Erna Rubinstein) to a multi-part bibliography on Holocaust research (biblio.1 55,037 bytes; biblio.2 16,920 bytes; biblio.3 44,154 bytes) as well as other topics.}

To obtain a specific file and specific part, use the command: GET HOLOCAUST filename.part For example: GET HOLOCAUST BIBLIO.1 For a single-part file, omit the part number. If the file is archived in multiple parts, and you omit the part number, you will receive all the parts.

"A second archive, fascism, has been started, and will contain material indirectly related to the Holocaust, including information regarding right wing, neo-nazi and/or racial supremacy organizations and/or individuals. The files contain USENET threads concerning individuals and organizations such as Lyndon LaRouche, Aryan Nation, Christian Identity, the Liberty Lobby, Spotlight, etc. We make no claim to the accuracy of the information archived, and will do our best to save all related articles, regardless of viewpoint. It is entirely up to the recipient to determine the value of materials archived; messages received regarding errors in the files will be appended to those files without editing.

Use the command "index fascism" to receive the list. Note: Some of the files in this archive are quite large, and have been split into multiple parts and compressed. They will be sent to you in uuencoded format.

We've had some headaches getting ListServ up and running, but v5.5 seems to be stable, and has performed properly with regard to archive requests. If you have any problems obtaining information from listserv, please let me know."

A recent copy of our Almanac Holocaust files may be obtained via anonymous ftp from menora.weizmann.ac.il, as /pub/texts/lest.we.forget/oneb-txt.tar.Z

If you do not have ftp access, I'd be happy to send the collection to you as uuencoded email. Please specify *.ZIP or compressed tar format. The all-inclusive archive will be added to listserv as time and energy permits - for now, I am sending it manually upon request.

The Old Frog's Almanac - Public Access UseNet for Central Vancouver Island (604) 245-3205 (v32) (604) 245-4366 (2400x4) Waffle XENIX 1.64 Ladysmith, British Columbia, CANADA. kmcvay@oneb.almanac.bc.ca (Ken McVay)

Holocaust and Fascism Archives are also available through the Victoria, British Columbia Freenet: TELNET FREENET.VICTORIA.BC.CA or 134.87.16.100 login: guest Select 7 Government Building from the main menu

Government

1 About these test items 2 BC Guide Info *Test* 3 BC Guide Online! *Test* 4 Wais Holocaust data *Test* 5 Wais Fascism data *Test*

The items currently located in this menu with the *Test* suffix are currently under development. If you would like to give any *constructive* feedback on the development of these services please respond to: pbruch@freenet.victoria.bc.ca

The archive can be searched by key word(s) as of May 28, 1993. It included materials denying the Holocaust with refutation of those claims.

menora.weizman.ac.il or 132.76.60.87 In the directory pub/texts/lest.we.forget is a massive file (oneb-txt.tar.z and oneb-txt.zip). The README file describes these as Ken Kesey's series of responses to the USENET Newsgroup alt.revisionism which were created to counter holocaust denial articles.

b. DEUTSCHLAND NACHRICHTEN A news service available on commercial BBSs. For information contact NewsNet (800 345-1301 (Canada and Pennsylvania 215-527-1301)). This net does not offer the German version. (415 952-1100).

c. GERMAN NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHY

In addition to its printed form, the German national bibliography is available in several digitized formats:

"Deutsche Bibliographie - aktuell - CD-ROM with over 900,000 records from 1986 - present date is available on CD-ROM. It is published by Buchhandler-Vereiningung GmbH and distributed outside Germany, Austria and Switzerland by Chadwyck-Healey of the UK." {Extracted from description by Valerie Walsh in LIBREF-L 4 Feb 1993}

d. USENET News

soc.culture.german German affairs, particularly (as of 12/92) right-wing movements in Germany.

According to a note on DEUTSCHE-LISTE@ccu.umanitoba.ca (26- FEB-1993), it is possible to access German USENET groups. The de groups {de is the symbol for Germany that appears at the end of some email and other messages} in the list posted by Walter Felscher are those most commonly offered by computing centers in the US. I can't tell anyone a lot about it; I haven't yet succeeded in convincing our computer center to do it. I do know that the Universities of Illinois and Michigan are offering the de groups and that may perhaps help if your computer center wants to ask someone outside Germany how to go about the transoceanic aspects." {From Jim Campbell (campbell@virginia.edu)}

In addition to exchanging information, USENET groups have a file titled FAQ (for frequently asked questions) that introduces the group and also has useful information on the country. For example, the Usenet group soc.cult.german has a "German FAQ." For information contact: ju8025@albnyvms.bitnet or ju8025@csc.albany.edu

It has information on the new ZIP Codes for Germany that will be implemented on July 1 (to get a ZIP code send a mail message to bulli@kodak.com. The subject line should be Subject: #PLZ# name-of the town and the name of the town has to be spelled in CAPS. Add your E-mail address to the Subject. Example: To: bulli@kodak.com Subject: #PLZ# ELLWANGEN ju8025@csc.albany.edu It shows where to find German dictionaries on FTP servers (in Germany. In the U.S. try Purdue University at the site: arthur.cs.purdue.edu in the directory: /pub/pcert/dict/German See the FAQ from USENET News for more information and for more prosaic information on bookstores and others sources of information in the U.S. such as embassies and consulates, the use of Umlauts in soc.culture.german and therefore in other electronic messages, and other helpful information.

Note: There are some efforts to make newsgroups available through the gopher system and that might help make them more easily accessible, but until then CHAMAS (which stands for Chaos Mailbox System), which is not the Oldenburg computer center, though it is based at Oldenburg, does offer an alternative, provided that you don't mind getting a lot of mail messages if you choose to join the more active groups. To find out more about this, send to: chamas@vmxa.hrz.uni-oldenburg.de a message with no subject and with the following text: HELP GROUPS These are separate commands and each word must be on a separate line. {Information supplied by James Campbell (campbell@virginia.edu)}

e. German Research Network (Deutsches Forschungsnetz)

HYTEL-L@KENTVM noted on 28-Apr-1993 that the DFN-DIRECTORY German Research Network (Deutsches Forschungsnetz) has become available through TELNET. The address is: 192.88.108.100 The DFN-DIRECTORY main menu offers several options:

[ 1 ] QUERY the Directory (User Interface menu) [ 2 ] HELP about User Interfaces [ 3 ] change CONFIGURATION [ 4 ] send MESSAGE to Administrator [ 5 ] get Info about Directory Project [ 6 ] Info about DFN Domains and DFN Mtas [ 0 ] Leave this Menu (back to previous Menu)

PACS-L@UHUPVM1 noted on 27-JAN-1993 (the message was from Harald Lux lux@dmrhrz11.hrz.uni-marburg.de) that Anne Cornillie-Braun of the DFN-Verein (c-braun@dfn.dbp.de) updates the list. It was also printed in Wir im Deutschen Forschungsnetz (Verzeichnis der Anwender des X.25-Wissenschaftsnetz und der DFN-Dienste). Additionally, there is also an Infoserver of the DFN-Verein: telnet rigel.dfn.de (192.76.176.15) login: infosys password: <Return>

f. CD-ROM PRODUCT LIST

PACS-L (PACS-L@UHUPVM1) reported that there is a discussion list, predominantly in German, on CD-ROM products for Germany sponsored by directMedia Mail-Order GmbH in association with SOS Software Service GmbH. Internet users can subscribe to it at the address: library.cd-rom@sos.mhs.compuserve.com

Send in the SUBJECT heading the message: SUBSCRIBE:CD-ROM The moderator is Michael Bartos (mbartos@comware.mhs.compuserve.com)

g. GOPHER Implementation in Germany

Gopher has become extremely popular in Germany. There are more than 30 gophers implemented in German institutions as of May, 1993 but few are available to outside users through Telnet or other gophers. See below in the Glossary for information abut German gophers. I have tried the general gopher address: gopher.germany.eu.net or 192.76.144.75 but was unable to connect. There is also an FTP server at the same address.

h. GERMAN ONLINE LIBRARY AND OTHER CATALOGS

A large number of German library catalogs have been placed on line and are available through international networks. Unfortunately, most are from technical colleges whose historical resources are limited. The major libraries, such as the Deutsche Bibliothek (Frankfurt and Leipzig), the Bavarian State library or the two state libraries in Berlin, are not yet accessible through the net.

Following is an example of a search on one of the catalogs. Capturing an exchange is always imperfect, in part because graphic characters do not register as they appear on the screen, but the following partial example, which is relatively typical, from dialing into the Universitaet Erlangen/Nuernberg (fau143.informatik.uni-erlangen.de or 131.188.1.43) might help prospective users anticipate the dialogue:

login: gi Unbekannter oder ungeeigneter Terminal-Typ. Bei Eingabe von ? erhalten Sie eine Liste der geeigneten Terminal-Typen TERM=(network) vt100 ELIS: Erlangen Library Information System (V 3.43) Univ. Erl.-Nbg. IMMD IV Eine kommerzielle Nutzung wird in jedem Falle strafrechtlich verfolgt.

Hauptmenue

Recherchieren Terminal aendern Waehle Datenbank Meckerkasten lesen Information Selber meckern Hilfstexte via Mail Beenden des Programms Auswahl mit Pfeiltasten, Bestaetigen mit RETURN, Hilfe mit ?

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!! Datenbestand Bibliothek wird z.Zt. neu aufgebaut !!!!!!!! !!!!!!! und steht damit nur eingeschraenkt zur Verfuegung !!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Waehle Datenbank Konfigurations-Auswahl Gesamtbestand Uni Erlangen (06.03.92, 859533 Eintraege) Kaiserslautern [Auszug/Test] (23.12.91, 8456 Eintraege) Stuttgarter Informatik-Bibliothek (11.01.90, 10646 Eintraege) Literaturdatenbank IMMD IV (19.11.91, 6708 Eintraege) Bibliography Parallel Systems (04.09.91, 15422 Eintraege) Auswahl mit Pfeiltasten, Bestaetigen mit RETURN, Hilfe mit ?

It was possible to select an item that provided information on ELIS (Erlangen Library Information System) including contents and searching suggestions, e.g.:

sa Sammlung mehrerer Schriften eines Verfassers sc Schulprogramme se Serien, Schriftenreihen etc.

as well as a description of the resources, e.g.

Es stehen z.Zt. vier Datenbanken zur Verfuegung:

1. Gesamtbestand Uni Erlangen Gesamtbestand (soweit maschinell erfasst) aller Erlanger/Nuernberger Bibliotheken der Universitaet, z.B. Suedgelaendekomplett, Hauptbibliothek und Institute groesstenteils ab 1982, teilweise auch frueher. Lediglich Buecher und Zeitschriftenbaende,also nicht einzelne Buch/Zeitschriften-Artikel. Generell gilt: Der Umfang stimmt mit dem neuesten Microfiche-Katalogueberein. Aktualisierung: im Abstand von 3 Wochen Schlagwoerter: Von Hand vergebene normierte deutsche Begriffe, unabhaengig von der Titel-Formulierung ...

E. GREECE

1. Listservers

HELLAS@AUVM HELLAS@BROWNVM "The Hellenic Discussion List ... The language, preferably, used in this list is Greek (with Latin characters)." Owner=SLIOLIS@UTCVM (Spiros Liolis)

2. Other Resources

a. USENET News

soc.culture.greek {Particularly Balkan questions and Macedonia as of 12/92}

F. IBERIAN PENINSULA (Spain, Portugal)

1. Listservers

ESPORA-L@UKANVM "History of the Iberian Peninsula" and Spanish and Portuguese Studies. The University of Kansas maintain an anonymous/guest FTP site named MALIN (FTP KUHUB.CC.UKANS.EDU) which holds files related to ESPORA in the directory DUA9:[MALIN.ESPORA] "It contains bibliographies, articles, a large collection of summaries of medieval Aragonese charters, etc. ESPORA also houses the newsletters of the American Academy of Research Historians of Medieval Spain." {For more information see the description of MALIN, Part B. in Section 5 below.} Editor=LHNELSON@UKANVM,RCLEMENT@UKANVM Owner=LHNELSON@UKANVM,RCLEMENT@UKANVM

2. Other Resources

a. PORBASE

According to an article that appeared in the Spring 1990 issue of the Western European Specialists Section (an ALA division), Maria Luisa Cabral, Deputy Director of the National Library of Portugal, writing about access to PORBASE, the online national bibliography, suggested that "according to the brochure available from the BN ..., the data base is accessible through the TELEPAC network... Current detailed information about PORBASE is ... available from the Biblioteca Nacional, Campo Grande 83, 1751 Lisboa Codex, Portugal."

b. ONLINE CATALOGS

CATALOGOS DE BIBLIOTECAS ACCESIBLES EN LINEA: Directorio. Unidad de Coordinaci n de Bibliotecas del CSIC, Madrid, Spain, 1993. A directory of Spanish online library catalogs (not all telnet connections) available as ESLIBS NNEWS from the listserv@ndsuvm1 or via anonymous ftp from vm1.nodak.edu in the NNEWS directory.

c. Electronic Resources in Romance Studies

Frank Di Trolio of Florida State University has produced an excellent guide for the Romance Languages Discussion Group, called Electronic Resources in Romance Studies. His address is: FranDiT@nervm.bitnet

d. Iberian Issues

A public bulletin board on general discussion about Ibero- America (Latin America, Spain, and Portugal) is available. This is not a listserver. To subscribe send the message: BBBOARD SUBSCRIBE IBERIAN_ISSUES YourFirstName YourLastName to the address: nicbbs@bitnic

G. ITALY

1. Listservers

LANGIT@ICINECA "For those who are interested in Italian culture and language, I'd like to call your attention to the list LANGIT. Italian is the language of choice, though every so often someone sends a query in English. Italian language students are encouraged. Recent discussions have ranged from the critical events in national politics to the Italian cinema, while contributions include recipes, daily headlines from Italian news, and extracts from satirical publications. Contributors have logged in from Canada, the United States, and Italy. Vi invitiamo cordialmente di partecipare a questa vivacissima lista! {Extracted from a note by Paula Jeannet (paulaj@mail.lib.duke.edu) in the Humanist Discussion Group, Vol. 7, No. 0005. Tuesday, 11 May 1993}

2. Other Resources

a. Bibliografia storica italiana

The Bibliografia storica italiana has been produced on CD-ROM by Omega Generation of Bologna. It is available on floppy disks for MS/DOS computers according to a flyer. Searching by author, title, year, etc. is offered. It covers 2,500 articles in 132 journals published in 1989. the cost is 1,500,000 lira for 1989 with annual updatings planned.

b. Dante Poetry and Commentaries Data Base

The "Dante Poetry and Commentaries Data Base" is available via INTERNET, through the Dartmouth College Library Online System. Telnet address: library.dartmouth.edu No login or password is needed. At the login type: CONNECT DANTE The database contains multilingual (Italian, Latin, English and other language materials pertaining to Dante's Divine Comedy.

c. Electronic Resources in Romance Studies

Frank Di Trolio of Florida State University has produced an excellent guide for the Romance Languages Discussion Group, called Electronic Resources in Romance Studies. His address is: FrandDiT@nervm.bitnet

b. Bibliografia delle riviste economiche italiane

The Bibliografica delle riviste economiche italiane is produced by Omega Generation, in collaboration with the University of Trento. It is on CD-ROM, and allows the user to consult the indices from all the leading Italian journals on economics from 1960 to 1990. From 1991 on the latest bibliographic material is offered as an update.

H. LOW COUNTRIES: Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg

1. Listservers

NEDER-L@hearn.bitnet NEDER-L@nic.SURFnet.NL "Elektronische distributielijst voor de neerlandistiek. Distribution list for the Study of Dutch ("Nederlandse") Language and Literature." "The study of the Dutch language and literature is called "neerlandistiek", derived from the country name "Ne(d)erland"; the scholars in the neerlandistiek are called "neerlandici". The list NEDER-L offers to neerlandici with connection to SURFnet (the Dutch national academic computer network) or world wide computer networks like EARN/Bitnet and Internet the facility to communicate quickly and efficiently about many subjects in the neerlandistiek. Because NEDER-L can be accessed internationally, this electronic forum will be used not only by neerlandici of the Dutch speaking countries Belgium (Flanders) and the Netherlands, but also by neerlandici out of the rest of the world. The main personal reason to start the list was to try to break the relative isolation of neerlandici outside of Belgium and the Netherlands." {Communications are in Dutch.} Editor=U216013@HNYKUN11.BITNET (Ben Salemans)

2. Other Resources

a. USENET News

soc.cult.netherlands {A very active group with participants from the Netherlands}

b. Library Catalogs

{The Netherlands is among countries most active in making their online catalogs accessible through international networks. Among them are the following}

University of Groningen telnet: 129.125.18.10 At the Username: prompt type OPC The menu offers several choices including the catalog of the Netherlands Institute in Rome, the Royal Library in the Hague, and others. The command BES enables switching between databases. {Extract from a note on lib_hytelnet2@sask.usask.ca dated 14 May 1992 but I have been unable to access this catalog personally in May, 1993}

I. NORDIC COUNTRIES: Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden

1. Listservers

DISC-NORDIC-REQUEST@mail.unet.umn.edu "A new discussion list has been established, which will serve scholars who are interested in the Social Sciences and Humanities focusing mainly on the Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden). Discussions, questions and comments in this list will deal with current scholarship in any Social Science or Humanistic field, curriculum, bibliographic detail, announcements of meetings and conferences, job postings, summaries of current journals and requests for contacts with scholars investigating particular subjects. Non-scholarly topics will be discouraged. This discussion list is also mirrored to the USENET newsgroup "umn.local-lists.disc-nordic" which may not be available at all sites. (The USENET group soc.culture.nordic deals with more popular and less academic topics and is more appropriate for general inquiries)" {In March 1993 DISC-NORDIC started a "CURRENT CONTENTS Scandinavian Studies" service which provides advance table of contents for the journal.} Please note that this is not a LISTSERV. The following instructions were provided: To subscribe, please send a note to: disc-nordic-request@mail.unet.umn.edu stating your request to join and your e-mail address. Messages for broadcast to all participants should be addressed to: disc-nordic@mail.unet.umn.edu Comments and questions on the administration or policies of this discussion list should be sent to Jole Shackelford (shack001@staff.tc.umn.edu) or Jerome Coffey (UENJC@TERRA.OSCS.MONTANA.EDU {Extracted from the announcement establishing the group}

DISC-NORDLIB This discussion list has been established to serve humanities and social sciences librarians, archivists and others with interest in collections and services related to Nordic area studies. Discussion, comments and questions will focus on issues of access to research materials, cooperative collection development and shared resources and the study of the five Nordic countries of Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland and Iceland. The perceived need for this list grew out of discussions over the past year amongst librarians at SASS conferences and in the Scandinavian Discussion Group of the Western European Area Studies Section of the Association of College and Research Libraries (American Library Association). To subscribe to the list send an e-mail message to: DISC-NORDLIB-REQUEST@MAIL.UNET.UMN.EDU (Be sure to include your e-mail address) Messages to be posted to the group should be sent to: DISC-NORDLIB@MAIL.UNET.UMN.EDU Comments or questions on the administration or policies of the list should be sent to Charles Spetland (C-SPET@VM1.SPCS.UMN.EDU or c-spet@uminn1) Technical problems should be addressed to: DISC-NORDLIB-REQUEST@MAIL.UNET.UMN.EDU After subscribing, you will automatically receive a monthly posting outlining these procedures. {Message to disc-nordic@mail.unet.umn.edu on 7-MAY-1993}

2. Other Resources

a. PROJECT RUNEBERG

"PROJECT RUNEBERG" is a Lysator project coordinated by Lars Aronsson (aronsson@lysator.liu.se) of the students' computer club at Linkoping University in Linkoping, Sweden. The project intends to distribute non-copyright literary and artistic works in Scandinavian languages in machine readable form. (Copyright expires 51 years after the death of a work's creator.)

"The language of all texts published so far is Swedish, but the project also intends to publish in Norwegian, Danish, Icelandic, Faroese, and dialects of these languages. Texts for the project's administration (as this one) are written in English. The project is not restricted to literature, but pictures, maps, laws, and printed music might also be published.

"The character set used so far has been ISO 8859-1, but if need be the published texts can easily be converted to ISO 646 (seven bits) and the Swedish character sets for MS-DOS and the Apple Macintosh.

"The published texts so far include Johan Ludvig Runeberg's "Fanrik Stals sagner," small parts of the 1917 Swedish translation of the Bible, parts of the Edda Saemundar, and some songs and poems by Carl Michael Bellman, Karin Boye, Gustaf Froding, Viktor Rydberg, and others.

"Contributions to the project are graciously accepted in the form of ready text files, scanned picture files or text images, printed matters to scan, or by proofreading the published texts.

"Access to the published texts is possible by Gopher and by anonymous FTP over the Internet."

Gopher FTP ---------------------------------------------------------- Host=gopher.lysator.liu.se HOST ftp.lysator.liu.se Port=70 USER anonymous Name=Project Runeberg PASS your@email.address Type=1 DIR pub/texts Path=1/project-runeberg FILE README

Lars Aronsson, Lysator, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden {Extracted from a note by Jerome E. Coffey (uenjc%msu.dnet@terra.oscs.montana.edu) on disc-nordic 7-MAR-1993}

b. Library Catalogs

Charles G. Spetland (180 Wilson Library University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 Bitnet: c-spet@uminn1; Internet: c-spet@vm1.spcs.umn.edu) has written the following description of using the Internet to access bibliographic and other resources in Nordic countries. It appeared on disc-nordic@mail.unet.umn.edu on 30-MAR-1993 and is being reprinted here with Charles Spetland's generous permission. Additions by this compiler are included within {} as usual.

NOEN BIBLIOTEK- OG INFORMASJONSTJENESTER I NORDEN (SOME LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICES IN NORDEN)

DENMARK

REX is the Danish online information resource for Det Kongelige Biblioteket, most of the libraries of Kobenhavns Universitet and associated institutions, covering collections in the humanities, social sciences and theology. Generally speaking, REX contains records for books, serial titles and printed music acquired since 1980, corresponding to the individual catalogs of the various participating faculties, libraries and divisions within libraries. One can search the catalog as a whole, but also any number of individual segments or selected combinations. The "Danske Samling" contains the printed literature of Denmark in the broadest sense, including items printed or published in Denmark; items published abroad but having something to do with Denmark (corresponding in part to Dania Polyglotta); items from or about Norway and Iceland and/or written by Norwegians or Icelanders within the areas of humanities, social sciences and theology; and items pertaining to Slesvig/Holsten. Other more specialized segments include: the catalog of the depository collections of intergovernmental organization publications at Det Kongelige Bibliotek; catalogs of the manuscripts, theater, music, and law divisions; and KVINFO, the center for cross-disciplinary women's studies in Copenhagen.

To access REX, Telnet to: rex.bib.dk At the "connected to dkb" prompt, hit Esc key (or alternatively F5 key). At the "att" prompt, type in 'rex' and Enter. You should now have the welcome screen, prompting you to type in 'kb rex' and Enter to continue. Search protocol is quite sophisticated, with many searchable fields and display options. All prompts, codes, instructions and help screens are in Danish, but an English summary guide is available by typing the command `?guide'. Descriptive and directory information as well as service hours for the many collections covered by REX are also included as menu options.

{An example of a search in REX follows:

connected to dkb att rex from menu

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * VELKOMMEN TIL R E X * * DET KONGELIGE BIBLIOTEKS INFORMATIONSSYSTEM * * for * * Humaniora, Samfundsvidenskaber og Teologi, * * samt den danske nationallitteratur * * * * REX rummer ca. 1,2 millioner records for samlingerne p} * * Det Kongelige Bibliotek (Amager, Fiolstr{de, Slotsholmen), * * Institutbiblioteker p} K|benhavns Universitet, * * Kunstakademiets Bibliotek, samt KVINFO. * * * * ONLINE VEJLEDNING: tast ?vejl(Retur) * * ENGLISH GUIDE: type ?guide(Return) * * Se ogs} service: ?service(Retur) * * Du kan altid taste ? og f} hj{lp, hvis du er i tvivl * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

Inden s|gning p}begyndes, skal USERID/PASSWORD indtastes, for standardbrugere: kb rex(Retur)

REX er klar. Tast ? for hj{lp - eller s|g frit ved at indtaste |nsket s|geord.

> {one would insert the search word here; just putting in a word and tapping Return yields results: Resultatet af s|gning nr. 1 er 26 record(s) but more complex searches are possible.

Using the command ?guide at the > prompt leads one to search information in English:

ENGLISH HELP-SCREEN (GUIDE) (Your input: ?guide)

(<Enter> = ?mi) 1. For a short description of the REX-system in English, hit the <Enter> key. A description of the REX-system in Danish can be displayed by typing: ?vejl. The following MAIN HELP-SCREENS will be displayed. - Online Guide (General) (?hj{lp) - Databases (?rexbaser) - Commands (?komm) - Search codes (?koder) - Concepts (?begreber) - Examples (1) (?eksempler) - Examples (2) (?eks) - List of help-screens (?sk{rme) - Royal Library services (?service)

...

The English language guide begins with 6 introductory help screens. Of the over 550 specialized help screens in the complete Danish version, 24 have been selected and edited for inclusion in the brief English version. To switch to English text in REX type: def eng It is a flexible easy to use system}

{According to a search executed through the Gopher at the University of Minnesota, there is also a Gopher, a system proliferating rapidly in Nordic countries, at Roskilde University: Telnet: FIND-UNI-C.DK At login type: find At the brugerkode prompt, type: rubikon Type 1 to select terminal type

NORWAY

Universitetsbiblioteket i Oslo offers a wide variety of databases through the university's computing services. The files of primary interest are those offered as UBO:BOK, including; BOK, 1971 to date (the online version of Norsk bokfortegnelse, the Norwegian national bibliography); NOTA, or Norske tidskriftartiklar, selected citations to articles in approximately 400 Norwegian periodicals, 1980 to date; HIST, Norsk historisk bibliografi, containing items from both BOK and NOTA; and SAMBOK, the union catalog of holdings of approximately 300 Norwegian libraries. Listings of forthcoming and newly published materials are also available. Through a different search system called TRIP, a wide variety of highly specialized databases are offered, including inventories of the theater history collection, rare books, incunabula and printed music scores. Online access to these resources is restricted to registered users, but an account can be arranged at a very reasonable cost. Much of this data has been transferred to CD-ROM format and is available for purchase, also at very reasonable prices. For more information, contact: Universitetsbiblioteket i Oslo, Bibliografisk avdeling, Driftskontoret, 0242 OSLO.

BIBSYS, a utilities database shared by the Norwegian National Library and the university and research libraries of Norway, is available in a limited way via the BITNET network. The large union catalog of the holdings of these libraries can be searched, albeit crudely, by sending keywords in the subject field of a BITNET message to the system. Your search results will be returned, in the form of an e-mail message. For more information, send an 'info' command in the subject field of a BITNET message to: genserv@nobibsys

{The following note on Access to Norwegian Libraries is by Robert Kvavik (kvavik@mailbox.mail.umn.edu) and appeared on disc-nordic@mail.unet.umn.edu, 29-MAR-1993}

Attached find the message I received when accessing the Norwegian library system through our "Gopher" network. Location: Trondheim, Norway

BIBSYS contains records of 11 research libraries in Norway. There is a $75 flat fee for an account on this system. Write BIBSYS, N-7055 Dragvoll, Norway for more information.

To access:

1. Type TELNET ABIBSYS.BIBSYS.UNIT.NO. 2. Press RETURN. 3. At the "Enter Terminal Type" prompt, type vt100.

To exit, type SLUTT.

SWEDEN

LIBRIS, the shared integrated online system based at Kungliga biblioteket, contains cataloged holdings (incomplete) of approximately 70 Swedish academic research and special libraries. The database is now the basis of production for Svensk bokf>rteckning, the national bibliography, and Svensk tidskriftsf>rteckning, the bibliography of Swedish periodicals. The national bibliographies of printed maps, music and government publications are also derived from this system. Registered users of participating libraries also enjoy the circulation and interlibrary loans applications of the system. Remote users must pay a small fee to acquire a user id and password. Portions of the database are also available for purchase in CD-ROM format. For more information on the use of LIBRIS, contact G>ran Skogmar at: skogmar@libris.kb.se

FINLAND

FENNICA, the online version of Suomen kirjallisuus (the Finnish national bibliography) and the catalog of Helsingin Yliopiston, is available by Telnetting to: hyk.helsinki.fi or 128.214.4.130 At the first prompt, respond with: HELLO yourname,user.clas01 and press ENTER. At the next prompt, select '10' for vt100 and ENTER. At the 'Anna kokoelma' prompt, respond with '100' and ENTER. Once you are in, you can change the command language to English or Swedish by entering /lang 1 or /lang 3 respectively. {It is a VTLS system.}

{According to a note from Peter Scott (aa375@freenet.carleton.ca) on HYTEL-L dated 19 Apr 1993, there is also a Vaasa FreePort Bulletin Board (BBS) available: TELNET GARBO.UWASA.FI or 128.214.87.1 login: guest

MAIN MENU {In Finnish with English translation}

1 Yleinen hallinto -- Administration 3 K{ytt{j{n asetukset -- User Services | |/ 11 Kansainv{liset uutisryhm{t -- USENET News 12 Sis{iset erityiskeskusteluryhm{t -- Special Interest Groups 13 Tiedostojen hallinta ja siirto -- File Management and Transfer 14 Elektroniset kirjastot & ilmaisohjelmat -- Electronic Libraries & PD Progs 15 Neuvontapiste -- Help Desk

{I have used the FTP site GARBO.UWASA.FI and found it to have instructions in English and to be both fast and efficient.}

ICELAND

GEGNIR, the Icelandic database of Landsblkasafn islands (the National Library) and H skllablkasafn (the University Library) in Reykjavik can be accessed at: 130.208.165.16 Enter `bokasafn' at the first prompt.

Many of these Nordic databases, as well as a variety of other electronic resources, are available through the web of international networks. NORDUnet is the "umbrella" net for the various Nordic academic networks: DENet(Denmark), FUNET(Finland),ISnet(Iceland), UNINETT (Norway) and SUNET (Sweden). All are readily accessible via the growing array of gateways, perhaps most easily through "Gopherspace."

b. NORWAVES

NEW-LIST@NDSUVM1.BITNET reported on 2 Apr 1993 (in a message from ostbroed@nki.no) that a new service from Norway, NORWAVES - News Service from Norway, had started. "We are four students who have installed a listserver in Norway. The listserver list NORWAVES will distribute weekly news from Norway. The information is provided by NORINFORM.

"The NORINFORM press office was established by The Norwegian Information Council and provides overseas news services in several languages, daily (in English only) and weekly. NORINFORM also produces the monthly magazine "Norway Now" and a fulltext database containing bulletins and articles about Norway.

"If you are interested you should subscribe to the list NORWAVES at: listserv@nki.no

Issuing the command:

subscribe NORWAVES YourFirstName YourLastName

We would be grateful for any comments concerning the list. You may also send an "info" request for more information. If you have any questions, you may send a message to the list editors. Editors=nwnews@nki.no (Andre Kristiansen, Per Staale Straumsheim)

c. USENET News soc.culture.nordic Discussion about Nordic culture.

IV. HISTORY SUB-DISCIPLINES

A. ECONOMIC HISTORY

Simon Katzenellenbogen announced in the Humanist Discussion Group (Vol. 6, No. 0601. Thursday, 18 Mar 1993) that there is a new Economic History Newsletter focusing on European history. Information is available from him at: mfshssk@cms.mcc.ac.uk or mfshssk@fs1.art.man.ac.uk No. 2 was published on May 12, 1993, and included information on finding sources, the net, book reviews and other topics.

CLIO-L@MIAMIU Economic history; apply for membership.

B. ENVIRONMENTAL HISTORY

ASEH-L@TTUVM1 ASEH-L@TTUVM1.TTU.EDU "The list for those interested in discussing environmental history topics." To join, send a message to: LISTSERV@TTUVM1 OR LISTSERV@TTUVM1.TTU.EDU with the command: SUB ASEH-L YourName

C. GENEALOGY (and Family History)

1. Listservers

LINES-L@NDSUVM1 LINES-L@VM1.NoDak.EDU LifeLines Genealogical System. "LINES-L will serve as a vehicle for topics related to the enhancement of `LifeLines Genealogical Database and Report Generator.' Lifelines is an experimental, second-generation Genealogical System." Mirrored to USENET Newsgroup bit.listserv.LINES-L. Established 09/29/92. Owner=cmanis@csoftec.csf.com (Cliff Manis)

ROOTS-L@NDSUVM1 or ROOTS-L@VM1.NODAK.EDU "A mail Discussion List for Genealogical Matters. Topics include techniques, requests for help, software, etc." {There is also a USENET group called soc.roots which includes general discussion about family history, predominantly American however, as well as bibliographies and reference aids. As of 12/92 it had more than 13,000 messages.} Owner=alf.christophersen@nutri.uio.no (Alf Christophersen)

There are also several FTP sites that contain text files and documents relevant to modern genealogical searches & studies. The anonymous ftp site at: hallc1.cebaf.gov or 129.57.32.62 in the directory genealogy and in its subdirectories has a large number of programs to assist in genealogical research.

2. Other Resources

a. USENET News soc.roots Genealogical matters.

D. HISTORICAL METHODS

history-methods@mailbase.ac.uk The FTP server: mailbase.ac.uk or 128.240.2.118 has the files for HISTORY- METHODS in the directory pub/history-methods Get the file introduction which explains content.

E. HISTORY OF PRINTING AND PUBLISHING

EXLIBRIS@RUTVM1 Rare Books and Special Collections.

SHARP-L@IUBVM SHARP-L@IUBVM.UCS.INDIANA.EDU "History of the Printed Word ... in affiliation with the newly-founded Society for the History of Authorship, Reading, and Publishing, SHARP-L means to give all of us who take an interest in this burgeoning field a way of exchanging ideas, information, and inquiries with other scholars in all disciplines all over the world. Whether your interest is incunabula or 20th-century American periodicals, literacy studies or the economics of the book trade, library history or literary theory, this is a list, and an organization, that hopes to bring us all together and get us acquainted. SHARP-L can be a way of bridging the occupational, disciplinary, and geographical differences among students of print culture that have tended to keep us isolated and all-too-ignorant of one another's work and interests." Owner: PLEARY@IUBACS or pleary@ucs.indiana.edu (Patrick Leary)

F. HISTORY PEDAGOGY

WORLD-L@UBVM On the teaching of world history {but tends to be non- Eurocentric}.

G. LABOR HISTORY

1. Listservers

LABOR@SHSU Predominantly labor economics. Anonymous FTP server: Niord.SHSU.edu or 192.92.115.8 has the archives for LABOR.

H. MILITARY HISTORY

1. Listservers

MILHST-L@LISTSERV@UKANVM.BITNET or LISTSERV@UKANVM.CC.UKANS.EDU "MILHST-L is an unmoderated list provided as a forum for discussion by scholars and students of Military History. It is intended to serve historians, academic historians, and those for whom military history is a non-professional but abiding interest. ... Comments and discussions of the military affairs of any period or place are welcome, and social, economic, and political factors are considered an integral part of the subject. Given the wide scope of the subject, subscribers should take particular care to make their subject lines clear and descriptive. ... MILHST-L is an international list and will have no "official" language. Contributors may choose the idiom in which they feel most comfortable and which they believe will be best suited for communicating their thought to the list membership. {It has been noted that this is an active list that tends towards popular military history} Owner=JPHUGHES@UKANVM (Patrick Hughes) Owner=LHNELSON@UKANVM (Lynn Nelson)

2. Other Resources

THE UNITED STATES ARMY WAR COLLEGE'S BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATABASE

This bibliographic database is available online. Although entries predominantly concern American military history, it also contains European information, particularly on World War II and German military equipment and performance. An index of the available information, which will contain the subject to be requested and a short description of what you will receive, can be obtained by mailing to: info-request@carlisle-emh2.army.mil with a Subject: line containing only the word "index", i.e.: Subject: index

These "reference bibliographies, notes, brief reports, and various lists collectively known as `refbibs' identify and organize by subject, sources on file at the Institute, many of which are unique or scarce. By design, refbibs are working lists that should be considered indicative, not exhaustive, of the source materials held at the MHI. They are continuously expanded, updated, and refined as more materials are received, organized and cataloged." {Information extracted from an entry on the Discussion of Government Document Issues List (GOVDOC-L@PSUVM, Fri Jan 15 1993) based on information from MILHST-L@UKANVM acquired by jewelllw@sage.cc.purdue.edu}

I. RELIGIOUS HISTORY

1. Listservers

The most informative source for electronic developments in the field of religion, including religious history, is Michael Strangelove (441495@Uottawa or 441495@Acadvm1.Uottawa.CA) He publishes The Religious Studies Publications Journal - CONTENTS, a journal, not a conversation list, that includes research and pedagogical material related to the field of religion. It seeks to provide free FTP and LISTSERV archiving of quality scholarly material and a comprehensive directory of network accessible resources for Religious Studies in a wide variety of mediums. Electronic subscriptions to CONTENTS are free; to subscribe, send a mail message to: Listserv@uottawa or listserv@acadvm1.uottawa.ca with the text: SUBSCRIBE CONTENTS YourFirstName YourLastName.

To determine the status of your subscription to CONTENTS send an e-mail message QUERY CONTENTS to the listserver above.

To get a list of individual Religious Studies related bibliographies, reviews, articles, glossaries, and other files archived on the CONTENTS Project's LISTSERV archive, send the e-mail message GET CONTENTS FILELIST to: LISTSERV@UOTTAWA or LISTSERV@ACADVM1.UOTTAWA.CA

The FTP document archive of the CONTENTS is available at the FTP SITE: PANDA1.UOTTAWA.CA or 137.122.6.16 in the /pub/religion/ directory. {According to a recent note by Gregory Bloomquist (GBLOOMQ@acadvm1.uottawa.ca) CONTENTS has abandoned its attempt to include a review service and CONTENTS will shift in its focus towards network-available information}

REVIEW-L@UOTTAWA.Bitnet or REVIEW-L@acadvm1.uottawa.ca REVIEW-L (The Religious Studies Publications Journal - CONTENTS Review Supplement; ISSN: 1188-5734) "An all electronic, network distributed serial for Religious Studies.... To disseminate via the global computer networks: theses and dissertations, subject bibliographies, glossaries, course syllabi and other research material such as prepublication papers and dissertation abstracts.... To provide a comprehensive network distributed source of information on Religious Studies pedagogical and research resources, while at the same time provide a freely accessible network archive for primary and secondary electronic texts, resources, and software of interest to the discipline.... In 1992, the project archived over four hundred pages of bibliographies, as well as a complete M.A. theses. The project is also publishing journal table of contents on an experimental basis...." A supplement to CONTENTS, Lists in Review, provides an overview of many of the LISTSERV lists (online academic conferences) of relevance to Religious Studies. A team of editors surveys individual lists and records lists of subject keywords that will serve to indicate what has been discussed on any given online conference. These list summaries are compiled by the supplement editor and posted as a short file to CONTENTS and archived on a fileserver. This collection will allow networked researchers to quickly survey what has been discussed on dozens of lists and then retrieve past conversations from a list's logbook. Owner=441495@uottawa or 441495@acadvm1.uottawa.ca (Michael Strangelove)

HISTEC-L@UKANVM "History of evangelical Christianity." Subscription and review are private. The University of Kansas maintain an anonymous/guest FTP site named MALIN (FTP KUHUB.CC.UKANS.EDU) which holds files related to HISTEC in the directory DUA9:[MALIN.ESPORA] DUA9:[MALIN.HISTEC] Editor=BAYS@UKANVM Owner=BAYS@UKANVM

2. Other Resources

a. The Electric Mystic's Guide

Michael Strangelove's two-volume Electric Mystic's Guide surveys documents, archives and services related to religious studies and related fields (including religious history) that are available through the Net. Volume one is available via FTP as PostScript, low ASCII, and WordPerfect 5.1 files, and via LISTSERV as a low ASCII file. The low ASCII files are not tagged ("marked up"). Edition 2.0 is 70% larger than the previous edition. Volume Two will be released in early Spring 1993. Scholars Press will be publishing the complete Guide in mid 1993. The Guide will soon be available via Gopher at: ccat.sas.upenn.edu courtesy of the Center for Computer Analysis of Text, University of Pennsylvania.

>>> Retrieval Information <<<

Anonymous FTP to: panda1.uottawa.ca or 137.122.6.16 Directory: /pub/religion/ The files are in various formats. The low ASCII version is electric-mystics-guide-v1.txt. Note that there are many other electronic texts in the same directory related to religious topics. This version is also available as a low ASCII text via email from: Listserv@uottawa or Listserv@acadvm1.uottawa.ca

Send the command to: GET MYSTICS V1.TXT

b. CETEDOC

The CETEDOC Library of Christian Latin Texts (CLCLT) is now available on a CD-ROM. An information file describing the CD-ROM is available from: listserv@brownvm Request CLCLT CDROM or CLCLT CETEDOC.

{A description of the CD-ROM of the CETEDOC Library of Christian Latin Texts {which contains about 21 million words of text) notes that it includes: "(1) `almost all' of the 250 volumes now available in the Corpus Christianorum, Series Latina, and Continuatio Mediaevalis; (2) the complete corpora of Augustine, Jerome and Gregory the Great, with works not yet edited in CC being taken from the `best editions available in other collections' and destined to be replaced by CC texts when available; (3) some texts not yet published in the CC, for example the Etymologiae of Isidore of Seville." The demonstration of the CD-ROM and associated software by Paul Tombeur of CETEDOC seemed convincing and uses windows to provide an "elegant, easy-to-use, and convenient interface." {Extracted from comments by Grover A. Zinn, Jr., FZINN@OBERLINFZINN@OBERLIN on Humanist Discussion Group, Vol. 5, No. 0315. Thursday, 12 Sep 1991}

c. Directory of Online Scholars of Religion

A "Directory of Online Scholars of Religion" has become available in several formats. It contains an alphabetical list of names, e-mail addresses, surface mail addresses, and special interests of online scholars of Religion. It was compiled by Henry Leyenhorst (524830@acadvm1.uottawa.ca) CONTENTS provided the following Retrieval Information: FTP to: panda1.uottawa.ca (137.122.6.16) Directory: /pub/religion/ as the file: religion-scholars-email-directory.txt (low ASCII text)

FTP login: anonymous Password: YourFullEmailAddress

Also available as a low ASCII text via the CONTENTS Project LISTSERV fileserver as the file: SCHOLAR DIRECTRY (note spelling carefully) from: Listserv@uottawa or Listserv@acadvm1.uottawa.ca

d. OFFLINE

Religious Studies News. Robert Kraft's OFFLINE column has appeared in printed form since 1984 in the Bulletin of the Council of Societies for the Study of Religion and in the Religious Studies News. It is available on HUMANIST and IOUDAIOS. Any subscriber to either list will receive OFFLINE as part of the subscription. To get a list of files on HUMANIST, send the command: GET HUMANIST FILELIST to: LISTSERV@BROWNVM

You may obtain a copy by issuing the command: GET filename filetype HUMANIST either interactively or as a batch-job, addressed to: LISTSERV@BROWNVM Specific files are obtained as a command: GET OFFLINE itsnumber HUMANIST Note that the most recent issue is no. 41 for Fe., 1993. For more details see the "Guide to Humanist," available from the same listserver as HUMANIST GUIDE HUMANIST.

A complete electronic file of OFFLINE columns is available upon request from the CCAT gopher, or in part from the HUMANIST (BROWNVM.bitnet) or IOUDAIOS (YORKVM1.bitnet) ListServ facilities. Owner=Robert Kraft (kraft@ccat.sas.upenn.edu) {Extracted from Humanist Discussion Group, Vol. 6, No. 0556. Thursday, 25 Feb 1993 at the University of Pennsylvania which I accessed through my local gopher. It is a very nice gopher server.}

e. USENET News

soc.religion.christian Christianity and related topics (Moderated).

J. SOCIAL HISTORY

1. Listservers

SOCHIST@USCVM SOCHIST@VM.USC.EDU "Social History List." "The primary subject of this list is the discussion of the following characteristics of social history: 1) Reliance on quantitative measurement; 2) Borrows from the theoretical constructs of the social sciences, e.g. demography, sociology, economics, political science, etc. 3) Discovery of the history of groups previously glossed over or ignored in traditional historical accounts, i.e. families, women, blacks, labor groups., etc." Subscription is open, but review is private and no notebook is maintained. Owner=bl.lxa@rlg or bl.lxa@rlg.stanford.edu (Laurie Abbott) Owner=bob@halfdome.sf.ca.us (Bob Pasker)

K. URBAN HISTORY

1. Listservers

H-URBAN@UICVM or H-URBAN@UICVM.UIC.EDU "A new group, H-Urban (URBAN HISTORY) has been set up at the University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC) in order to provide a forum for scholars of urban history.... The primary purpose of H-Urban is to enable urban historians to easily communicate current research and research interests; to discuss new approaches, methods and tools of analysis; to share reviews of useful resources including monographs, journals, articles, and primary source materials such as papers, maps, records, and databases; and to announce calls for papers, conferences, museum and society shows, exhibitions, job opportunities, grants and fellowships. H-Urban is also a forum for exploring the approaches, methods and tools used in teaching history to graduate and undergraduate students. As described below, UIC is establishing an electronic archive easily accessible to historians. Syllabi, reading lists, and examinations would all be valuable additions to the archive. Discussion of cities throughout human history, and in all geographic areas is welcome." There is also a "H-Urban Fileserver" which will contain "Documents of interest to urban historians -- bibliographies, book and article reviews, announcements, teaching materials, and descriptions of tools, techniques, and computer software and hardware -- will be made available from the H-Urban fileserver. In addition, an archive of all discussion on H-Urban will be available from the fileserver. To obtain a list of available documents, send a note to: LISTSERV@uicvm or LISTSERV@uicvm.uic.edu with the following command in the BODY: Index H-Urban To obtain a specific document, send LISTSERV the command: GET filename filetype Thus, to obtain a document entitled "H-Urban Welcome" from the fileserver, send a note to Listserv with the command: GET H-Urban Welcome Contributions to the archive are welcome, and should be sent to the groups' moderator Wendy Plotkin (U20566@UICVM or U20566@uicvm.uic.edu). {Extracted from announcement of the group's formation.}

V. SUBJECTS RELATED TO HISTORY (ALPHABETICALLY)

A. ANTHROPOLOGY

1. Listservers ANTHRO-L@UBVM ANTHRO-L%UBVM.BITNET@CUNYVM.CUNY.EDU This list deals with discussions of various techniques and fields of research in Anthropology. Some suggested topics of discussion are: - Computation in anthropology - Graphics in archaeology - What programs anthropologists are using at various places - Where centers of computer interests are in anthropology - Anglo-Saxon cemeteries - Palaeodemography - What individuals are doing, e.g. research, publication, computer info. - Some spirited words on political economy - Using anthropological assistance to describe the legal practices of American culture - The development of Anglo-Saxon cemeteries - The Northumberland landscape - Use of Remote Sensing (resistivity and magnetometer) to locate and analyze village sites - The population of Anglo-Saxon England Review is Private but Subscriptions and Notebook are open. There is also a USENET newsgroup called: bit.listserv.anthro-l Owner=ANTOWNER@UBVM (ANTHRO-L Owner) List Owner=APYEZRA%UBVMSD.BITNET@CUNYVM.CUNY.EDU or APYEZRA@UBVMSD.BITNET (Ezra Zubrow) Coordinator=V291NHTP@UBVMSC.CC.BUFFALO.EDU or V291NHTP%UBVMSD.BITNET@CUNYVM.CUNY.EDU or V291NHTP@UBVMSD.BITNET (Patrick G. Salsbury)

B. ARCHAEOLOGY (and Ethnography and Folklore)

1. Listservers

AIA-L@cc.brynmawr.edu Archaeology list. {From a note by Nick Eiteljorg (neiteljo@cc.brynmawr.edu), in Humanist Discussion Group, Vol. 6, No. 0483. Friday, 5 Feb 1993}

ARCH-L@DGOGWDG1 ARCH-L@TAMVM1 Archaeology List (peered). "ARCH-L is a forum for discussion of archaeological problems. A library of free or shareware software is also maintained. Donations of programs are welcomed." Owner=spqr@MINSTER.YORK.AC.UK (Sebastian Rahtz) Owner=FSIEGMU@DGOGWDG1 (Frank Siegmund) Owner=HSTEENW1@DGOGWDG1 (Helge Steenweg)

ETHNOHIS@HEARN ETHNOHIS@nic.surfnet.nl "An online discussion list on the intersection of two disciplines: ethnology and history, and on topics touching both upon ethnology and history. Interested researchers are encouraged to discuss relevant themes, e.g. `the anthropology of museums', `ethnographical collections', `missionary photography', methodological issues, or all topics covered by journals such as GRADHIVA and HISTORY AND ANTHROPOLOGY. We hope to stimulate a general discussion between the various approaches in this interdisciplinary field." To subscribe to ETHNOHIS, send the command: SUB ETHNOHIS yourfirstname yourlastname to: LISTSERV@hearn or LISTSERV@nic.surfnet.nl Owner=u211610@hnykun11.urc.kun.nl (Fred Melssen)

LORE@NDSUVM1 LORE@VM1.NoDak.EDU) "A broad based, public discussion group that will examine and discuss all aspects of Folklore." Review is public, with open subscription. Owner=carey@plains.nodak.edu (Pat Carey) Owner=quiet:,CAREY@NDSUVM1 (Pat Carey)

ORTRAD-L {See above under Ancient}

C. ARCHIVES AND ARCHIVISTS

1. Listservers

ARCHIVES@INDYCMS "Archives & Archivists." "Archives (Archives & Archivists) is for all persons involved and/or interested in archival theory and practice." Owner=JBHARLAN@INDYVAX.IUPUI.EDU (John B Harlan) Editorial: Harlan@Indiana or Harlan@Indiana.Edu (Donna B Harlan)

D. ECONOMICS

1. Listservers

IPE-ISA-L@mach1.wlu.ca "IPE-ISA-L is an electronic discussion list that will allow persons around the world interested in International Political Economy to discuss matters of mutual concern. IPE-ISA-L is an unmoderated and open list. This means that all messages posted to the list will be automatically redistributed around the world. Possible topics for discussion on the list might include any of the following: 1) IPE section business re: regional and national meetings; 2) Substantive discussion over topics such as NAFTA, regional trading blocs, trade regimes, international debt, long cycles, historical world systems, EEC, currency and market crises, democracy and governance in Latin and South America, Africa and Asia, commodity negotiations; 3) Comment and contributions on curriculum questions; suggested texts, new articles of common interest for course-related adoption; 4) Circulation of draft articles for comment and discussion; 5) Personal exchanges in the effort to develop a greater sense of community among IPE section colleagues." Owner=lgonick6@mach1.wlu.ca (Lev S. Gonick, Department of Political Science, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3C5)

E. GEOGRAPHY

1. Listservers

GEOGRAPH@FINHUTC GEOGRAPH%FINHUTC.BITNET@CUNYVM.CUNY.EDU Geography and geographical issues; from Helsinki, Finland. "This is a global list for all geographers." More information about GEOGRAPH may be obtained from: PKOKKONE@FINUHA (Pellervo Kokkonen) PYYHTIA@FINUHA (Mervi Pyyhtia)

2. Other resources

a. Geography Documents & Software Archive

A Geography Documents and Software Archive at Toronto, Canada, is available via anonymous FTP: relay.cs.toronto.edu or 128.100.3.6 directory /doc/geography/world Please note that these files are compressed. Consult your local guru.

b. Geographical Data Base

A Geographic Name Server at the University of Michigan has basic geographic data for the U.S. and a very few foreign cities. Telnet address: martini.eecs.umich.edu 3000 or 141.212.99.9 Login password: [on login, type HELP] {Extracted from INTERNET VOYAGER dated April 1992}

F. HISTORY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

1. Listservers

HOPOS-L@UKCC.BITNET "HOPOS-L, the History of Philosophy of Science Discussion List, has been established in conjunction with the new History of Philosophy of Science Working Group (HOPOS) as a forum for the exchange of information, ideas, queries, job notices, course syllabi, conference announcements, and other news of interest to scholars working in areas related to HOPOS MAIN FOCUS. THE discussion list will also be used to distribute occasional HOPOS newsletters." {The first issue of the Newsletter was distributed in Jan. 1993 described HOPOS and included an introduction to HOPOS ("HOPOS is an informal, international working group of scholars who share an interest in promoting serious, scholarly research on the history of the philosophy of science and related topics in the history of the natural and social sciences, logic, philosophy, and mathematics"), information on forthcoming events as well as invaluable descriptions of two libraries of electronic texts. According to HOPOS-L, 19-FEB-1993, HOPOS has started "The HOPOS Pedagogy Archive" which will include such items as syllabi useful for teaching philosophy, history of science, or other science studies from under-graduate to graduate-level seminars and later other pedagogic tools (classroom examples, bibliographies, reading questions on various texts, etc.). The archive will be housed at U.Missouri, Kansas City, probably in the Kasey sender. Contact George Gale (ggale@vax1.umkc.edu) or Tim McGrew (mcgrew@cougar.csc.wsu.edu). {The list is frequently on the discipline, with relatively little on history of science in Europe. But HOPOS does include information about archives and archival holdings in the history of science.} Owner=einphil@ukcc.uky.edu (Don Howard)

HPSST-L@QUCDN "History and Philosophy of Science and Science Teaching." Owner=HILLSS@QUCDN (Skip Hills) Owner=FARQUHAD@QUCDN (Doug Farquhar)

HTECH-L@SIVM "A new list, htech-l@sivm.bitnet, is dedicated to discussion of material of interest to historians of technology." Owner=bsinger@eniac.seas.upenn.edu (Bayla Singer)

"Sci-tech-studies". Send a message to LISTSERV@UCSD.EDU, with the body containing: SUBSCRIBE SCI-TECH-STUDIES

SHOTHC-L SHOTHC-L@SIVM History of the Computer and Computing Issues.

G. HUMANITIES AND COMPUTERS

ACHNEWS "Newsletter of the Association for Computers and the Humanities ... exists solely for the electronic distribution of the ACH Newsletter, the newsletter of the Association for Computers and the Humanities, and is open only to ACH members. Subscription is By-Owner and Notebook is Private. Editor=achnews@ucsbuxa (Eric Dahlin) Owner=achnews@ucsbuxa (Eric Dahlin) Owner=9531NIVE@UCSBVM (Cody R. Nivens)

AHC-L@DGOGWDG1 "A mailing list for members of the Association for History & Computing." Owner=MTHALLE1@DGOGWDG1 (Manfred Thaller) Owner=HSTEEN@DGOGWDG1 (Helge Steenweg)

AIBI-L@UOTTAWA AIBI-L@ACADVM1.UOTTAWA.CA "Announcing a new list: AIBI-L (the LISTSERV discussion forum of l'Association internationale bible et informatique). AIBI-L is an on-going forum and meeting place for AIBI members and others who wish to join the discussion of issues related to the computerized-analysis of Biblical and related texts. Possible subjects for discussion include (but are not limited to) computer-based interpretation of specific texts, methodological questions, preparation of the text for computerized analysis, software-design and programming, computer-based hermeneutics. Of particular interest will be a discussion of a new edition of the Biblia Hebraica, incorporating insights from computer-based analysis. No formal membership in AIBI is necessary for participation in AIBI-L. The language of exchange will be English. Moderator of AIBI-L: GBLOOMQ@ACADVM1.UOTTAWA.CA or GBLOOMQ@UOTTAWA (L. G. Bloomquist) Editor of AIBI Newsletter: CIBMARE@BUCLLN11 (R. F. Poswick)

CHUG-L@BROWNVM Brown University Computing in the Humanities. Usually describes programs given at the University. {Frequently has interesting information on the application of computers to the humanities.}

COMPUTER-ASSISTED RESEARCH FORUM OFFLINE No. 41 included the announcement that a new publication for computing humanists promises to help those less accustomed to using the net for information gathering: Computer- Assisted Research Forum: A Reader-friendly Bulletin for Academics and Educators in the Humanities. It is edited by Todd J. B. Blayone at McGill University (cxfw@musica.mcgill.ca) and plans to appear three times during each academic year at a cost of $10 Canadian ($8.50 US). The PO address is Birks Building, McGill University, 3520 University Street, Montreal PQ-H3A 2A7, Canada. "The first issue appeared in Fall 1992 with articles on bibliographic programs (comparative review, part 1), graphics-mode and multilingual word processors for DOS, and (of course) something on e-mail. The current issue, which arrived as a complimentary copy, adds discussions on language learning, on text analysis software for the Mac, and (of course) on electronic discussion groups. Looks quite promising." {Extracted from OFFLINE No. 41, 24 February 1993}

HCFNET@UCSBVM Humanities Computing Facilities.

HUMGRAD "A UK-based electronic mailing list for postgraduates working in the humanities." Serves as a forum for the exchange of ideas, information and comments on Humanities-related subjects, and on the work and concerns of postgraduates. "It provides the opportunity to ask questions away from the mine field of the academic high ground." There are well in excess of 100 subscribers already, and on average 10--15 messages are posted each day on a reasonably broad range of topics. Subscribers within the United Kingdom should send a message to: MAILBASE@UK.AC.MAILBASE Those outside the UK should send a message to: MAILBASE@MAILBASE.AC.UK Send this command as the message's text: SUBSCRIBE HUMGRAD yourfirstname yourlastname Messages for broadcasting should be sent to: HUMGRAD@MAILBASE.AC.UK. Owners=Gavin Burnage (GBURNAGE@VAX.OX.AC.UK) and Stuart Lee (STUART@VAX.OX.AC.UK)

HUMANIST@BROWNVM "Humanities Computing list - created 07 MAY 87." {General source for conference and other announcements, information on humanities computing (although much of it has now migrated to more specialized lists) and related topics such as new listservers, etc.; very important source} Owner=EDITORS@BROWNVM (Elaine Brennan & Allen Renear) Editor=EDITORS@BROWNVM (Elaine Brennan & Allen Renear)

HUMSPC-L@BROWNVM "This list is for the Special Humanist Mailings." Owner=EDITORS@BROWNVM (Elaine Brennan & Allen Renear)

L-ARTECH@UQAM Les Arts et les nouvelles technologies/Arts and New Technologies.

REACH@UCSBUXA "Research and Educational Applications of Computers in the Humanities...." "Reach is the newsletter of the Humanities Computing Facility of the University of California, Santa Barbara. It is published four times a year." Notebook is private. Previous issues available via anonymous FTP at: ucsbuxa.ucsb.edu or FTP 128.111.122.50 in the directory hcf. Log on as "anonymous", and enter your e-mail address as a password. Then enter the command "cd hcf" to change to the appropriate directory. Begin by using the "get filename" command to retrieve the "readme" file, which contains a list of the file names of all the various issues. You can also subscribe to the electronic edition of REACH as you would to any other electronic group. Simply send an e-mail message, with no subject, to the address of its list server: listserv@ucsbvm.bitnet The message should contain nothing more than the single line: SUBSCRIBE REACH yourfirstname yourlastname with your own name, not your e-mail address, in place of yourfirstname yourlastname. Contact: HCF1DAHL@UCSBUXA or HCF1DAHL@ucsbuxa.ucsb.edu (Eric Dahlin) Editor=reach@ucsbuxa (Eric Dahlin) Owner=reach@ucsbuxa (Eric Dahlin)

SCHOLAR@CUNYVM "Online Information for Natural Language Processors." {and may include topics on the editing of historical texts.} The electronic journal SCHOLAR includes articles on humanities projects utilizing computers, book summaries on that and related topics, notes on Internet resources in specific fields (Islamic Studies most recently), position announcements, and other miscellaneous information on electronic humanities. {It is a rich and invaluable resource.} To receive information on retrieving information in SCHOLAR, send a message to: Listserv@CUNYVM.CUNY.EDU The message should read: SUB SCHOLAR yourfirstname yourlastname Editor=jqrqc@cunyvm (Joseph Raben) Owner=jqrqc@cunyvm (Joseph Raben)

SEDIT-L@UMDD.UMD.EDU Editors of scholarly editions.

H. LAW

1. Listservers

HISLAW-L@ULKYVM HISLAW-L@ULKYVM.LOUISVILLE.EDU "History of Law (Feudal, Common, Canon)." "HISLAW-L is ready to distribute newsletters from study groups, and to post announcements of meetings and calls for papers, short scholarly pieces, queries, and other items of interest." Owner=JACOCK01@ULKYVM or JACOCK01@ULKYVM.LOUISVILLE.EDU (Jim Cocks)

I. MUSIC AND ART HISTORY

CAAH@PUCC Art and Architectural History.

CLASSM-L@BROWNVM Classical Music List.

EARLYM-L@AEARN Early Music List.

MUSIC@FINHUTC Music-Research.

TML-L@IUBVM Thesaurus Musicarum Latinarum: Database for Latin Music.

J. PHILOSOPHY

In Spring, 1993 the Analytical Philosophy Project announced the creation of the first electronic journal in philosophy: THE ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL PHILOSOPHY The first issue was scheduled for April 15, 1993 and was to included a number of different sub-disciplines of analytical philosophy. For a subscription, send a note to ejap@phil.indiana.edu and put ejap subscription in the Subject line.

K. POLITICS AND POLITICAL SCIENCE

1. Listservers

ARMS-D@XX.LCS.MIT.EDU ARMS-D-REQUEST@XX.LCS.MIT.EDU Arms and Disarmament.

DIP-D@UWAVM.BITNET Diplomacy Digest (Moderated).

GREEN@IndyCMS.IUPUI.EDU "Green movements study list ... dedicated to the study of Green movements worldwide and their influence on public opinion and public policy." List owner/editor/coordinator: IJBH200@IndyVAX (John B Harlan)

PEACE@INDYCMS "Peace (Peace studies) is dedicated to discussion of peace studies, conflict management and resolution, and peace and justice education. Peace is open to all interested persons, including professionals in these disciplines and interested laypeople." Owner=JBHARLAN@INDYVAX.IUPUI.EDU (John B. Harlan) Editorial=FAL1@IONA (Felicia A. Leon)

POLI-SCI@RUTVM1 "Political Science Digest." Owner=Poli-Sci-Request@Aramis.Rutgers.Edu (Charles McGrew)

PSRT-L@UMCVMB PSRT-L@MIZZOU1 "Political Science Research and Teaching List ... Discussion of the academic, research and teaching interests of professional political scientists." PSRT-L is edited by Bill Ball. A list of back files is available. Send the command INDEX PSRT-L to LISTSERV@MIZZOU1 for a filelist. Members also receive the monthly (?) "Law & Politics Book Review, An Electronic Periodical Published by The Law and Courts Section [of] The American Political Science Association" (ISSN 1062-7421) Herbert Jacob, Editor (Department of Political Science, Northwestern University, hjacob@casbah.acns.nwu.edu). Vol. 2 appeared in 1992 and occasionally, e.g. of Alec Stone, The Birth of Judicial Politics in France (Vol. 2 No. 12) includes reviews of books on European history and politics. "To order previously published reviews, send the command GET INDEX LPBR to LISTSERV@MIZZOU1.MISSOURI.EDU and then request individual files from that list. To order ALL past reviews, just send the command GET LPBR PACKAGE to LISTSERV@.MIZZOU1.MISSOURI.EDU. Reviews may also be accessed from the gopher at Northwestern University which I accessed through my local gopher. It is in the subdirectory Law and Politics Book Review under the Northwestern University Information directory. Owner=POLPSRT@MIZZOU1 (Bill Ball - Michael Malaby)

UN@INDYCMS "UN (United Nations) is dedicated to discussion of the United Nations, and is open to all interested persons. The UN list does not in any way whatsoever represent the United Nations nor any of its related agencies, nor do any of the UN list's discussions have any bearing on or relation to policies or practices of the United Nations itself." Owner=JBHARLAN@INDYVAX.IUPUI.EDU (John B. Harlan) Note: There is also a gopher server at the UN which has UN documents and access elsewhere. It is frequently a choice under International Organizations on a gopher menu. It has basic search facilities and access to external gophers.

2. Other Resources

a. USENET News soc.politics Political problems, systems, solutions (Moderated).

soc.politics.arms-d Arms discussion digest (Moderated).

b. PARC Political Analysis and Research Cooperation (PARC) News Bulletin This newsletter deals with political analysis, political behavior, and political culture. To subscribe, send e-mail or fax (group 3) address or number to Internet: kusftb@vms2.uni-c.dk or fax to +45 33122613 Submissions: Only e-mail material submitted to the above address is accepted for re-distribution. Contact: Professor Tom Bryder (kusftb@vms2.uni-c.dk)

L. Social Sciences

1. Listservers:

SOS-DATA@UNCVM1 Social Science Data List.

2. Other Resources:

ICPSR: INTER-UNIVERSITY CONSORTIUM FOR POLITICAL AND SOCIAL RESEARCH

ICPSR maintains the world's largest repository of computer-based research and instructional data for the social sciences. The Consortium Data Network (CDNet) is available via Internet and offers on-line access to ICPSR data holdings and computational resources. In addition to using Internet for access to CDNet, datasets are routinely transferred via Internet to requesting members. ICPSR is a membership-based organization whose annual fee varies by institution, but individuals can obtain accounts for searching CDNet whether their institution is a member or not. For information on new accounts and to arrange access, contact: Member Services ICPSR P.O. Box 1248 Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1428 (301) 763-5010

{Extracted from NETTRAIN (NETTRAIN@UBVM.cc.buffalo.edu) 18 Nov 1992}

M. Women's Studies WMST-L@UMDD WMST-L@UMDD.UMD.EDU (Internet address) WMST-L has been formed to facilitate discussion of Women's Studies issues, especially those concerned with research, teaching, and program administration, and to publicize relevant conferences, job announcements, calls for papers, publications, and the like. It is hoped that the list will also serve as a central repository for course materials, curriculum proposals and projects, bibliographies, and other files related to Women's Studies. Messages for distribution on the list should be sent to WMST-L@UMDD or WMST-L@UMDD.UMD.EDU. Owner: Joan Korenman (KORENMAN@UMBC or KORENMAN@UMBC2.UMBC.EDU)

VI. TEXT ARCHIVES

A. Historical

1. Mississippi State University

Mississippi State University is maintaining an archive of historical texts, predominantly American so far, that are available through the FTP (File Transfer Protocol) procedure. The FTP address is: ftp.msstate.edu or 130.18.80.36 The archive is maintained by Don Mabry, whose address is: djm1@ra.msstate.edu In the directory pub/docs/history Materials on Western Europe in the archive include articles on Medieval Europe, a bibliography on French socialism consisting of citations extracted from MELVYL, an extensive description of the French database ARTFL, and others.

{Please note that those individuals who have not used this archive for some time should be aware that the files have been reorganized according to a note from Don Mabry that appeared on HISTORY dated 15-Feb-1993.} The current (May, 1993) directory structure is: Canada General Latin_America Software USA Women articles bibliographies databases diaries directories documents.fr documents.uk e-documents gifs libraries menu netuse newsletters papers resources victoria

{For a more complete listing get the file: menu}

2. MALIN (University of Kansas)

General Statement.

Note: The following text is based on the files "malin.cat;5" updated 9 October 1992 and "readme.txt;1" in the directory DUA9:[MALIN.GENERAL] The complete files include FTP instructions, lists of holdings in various MALIN subdirectories, a typical FTP session, and are basic for understanding MALIN's structure and holdings.

General Introduction.

"MALIN is an anonymous-guest FTP site maintained by the Department of History and the Computer Services of the University of Kansas for the convenience of the public and the Historical profession. MALIN is affiliated with HISTORY {listserver} and cooperates fully with all discussion lists similarly affiliated."

"MALIN operates in conjunction with FTP ftp.msstate.edu, directed by Prof. Donald Mabry. This catalogue should be used in conjunction with that of ftp.msstate.edu in searching for historical materials."

MALIN is an anonymous FTP fileserver but has a file-naming structure somewhat different from typical FTP sites.

"MALIN is located on disk DUA9. It has a GENERAL directory, and a series of other directories each dedicated to the LISTSERV list it serves. The directions for reaching these directories, and there general nature, are provided below. Please note that "malin.directory" should be set off in square brackets. Anonymous ftp to: kuhub.cc.ukans.edu or 129.237.32.1

After logging on kuhub.cc.ukans.edu, you may reach MALIN's directories with the following commands:" Login: anonymous

CD DUA9:[MALIN.GENERAL] GENERAL contains some On-Line Library Catalogue Lists, Lists of LISTSERV lists and Other Resources, and an Up-Dated version of This Catalogue.

CD DUA9:[MALIN.ARTICLES] ARTICLES contains various papers delivered at meetings and turned over to MALIN to be made available to a wider public.

CD DUA9:[MALIN.ESPORA] ESPORA {described above}

CD DUA9:[MALIN.HISTEC] HISTEC {described above}

CD DUA9:[MALIN.INSTRUCTION] INSTRUCTION contains syllabi, examinations, identification question lists, and other material for instructional purposes.

CD DUA9:[MALIN.KUHIST] KUHIST serves KUHIST-L@UKANVM, the University of Kansas Department of History's list for members, alumni, and friends....

CD DUA9:[MALIN.MED-L] {described above}

CD DUA9:[MALIN.UTILITIES] Utility programs

MALIN solicits the submission of materials that might be of benefit to its patrons with the exclusion of some items such as logs, but would accept newsletters, journals, etc. Materials for inclusion should be submitted to: MALIN@KUHUB.CC.UKANS.EDU or contact the FTP site administrators. It asks that users having difficulty or offering suggestions contact Marc Becker (MABECKER@UKANVM) or Lynn Nelson (LHNELSON@UKANVM).

Please note: based on the various network searches that I have done using ARCHIE, the ftp site MALIN does not appear as a result on any search even when I know that MALIN has a certain document. It does not seem, as of May, 1993, that ARCHIE can be used to search this site. While the reason is unknown to this user, perhaps, by extrapolation, ARCHIE may be weak for sites with varying directory structure as is characteristic of MALIN.

3. BYRD WEST VIRGINIA

A new history oriented archive has been established at the Marshall University in West Virginia according to a note in HISTORY dated 12-MAR-1993. The address is: byrd.mu.wvnet.edu or 129.71.32.152

The site managers suggest that you login anonymously and change to the pub/history subdirectory. This structure might change, depending on decisions of the history network concerning gopher and WAIS, but for now, this is how it stands. Please note that the pub/history/submissions subdirectory allows anonymous FTP users to write files, so feel free to forward any submissions you might have. My many thanks to Larry Jewell, who has done much to fill this site so far.

The site managers are Mike McCarthy (YEA003@Marshall.WVNET.Edu or YEA003@MARSHALL.BITNET) and Donna Spindel (HST001@Marshall.WVNET.edu).

The files INDEX and WHATSNEW.TXT (the server is case-sensitive in file names) in the directory pub/history lists archive contents.

4. GHETA at Groningen

The Groningen Historical Electronic Text Archive at the University of Groningen in the Netherlands has a number of electronic texts relating to history--primarily of the Netherlands, but also of the history of other countries. It is available through Anonymous FTP: tyr.let.rug.nl or 129.125.8.20 In the directory: pub/gheta In addition, there are, according to a message in HISTORY (12- FEB-1993) from George M. Welling, who manages the archive (welling@let.rug.nl) a number of other programs. The message included a discussion of compression of texts using PKZIP and PKUNZIP. "The only uncompressed files are the index files in every (sub)directory. In those index-files we will describe in what format things are."

In addition, Welling intends to include not only documents, "but also some (shareware/public domain) software. We are especially interested in all sorts of hypertext-programs (one of our research lines is Hypertext for historical knowledge representation) and we have put on some of these. Other programs that may be useful for historians will be put on also. There is not much yet, but it will grow. (And for those who have been searching the directories already--and some of you have--there is a little more today than there was yesterday)."

B. Other Text Archives

1. Georgetown Center for Text and Technology and Georgetown University's CPET (Catalogue of Projects in Electronic Text)

The Center for Text and Technology will conduct searches of electronic texts in particular areas and subjects. It publishes texts and co-compiles the Catalogue of Archives and Projects in Machine-Readable Text, which has identified over 270 projects in 25 countries. It is a text repository.

The Catalogue of Electronic Text Projects (Georgetown Center for Text and Technology, Georgetown University, 1990) is available from HUMANIST (listserv@brownvm). Send the command: Get PROJECTS ETEXTS Humanist

To search the database interactively, contact the CPET catalog via Telnet to: guvax3.georgetown.edu or 141.161.1.3

At the Username prompt type CPET, and press Enter. No password is required. If you'd like more information about the project, or need a user manual {which is needed to search effectively}, send email to the Director of the Center for Text and Technology, Michael Neuman, address: neuman@guvax.georgetown.edu {Extracted from information supplied by Annelies Hoogcarspel, Center for Electronic Texts (hoogcarspel@zodiac or hoogcarspel@zodiac.rutgers.edu)} The user guide is also available through FTP (below).

The CPET digests of project information--organized by humanities discipline and by language of the electronic text--can be read, searched, and retrieved by means of the Internet's protocols for Gopher and anonymous FTP. There are digests for 40 different languages, as well as for linguistics, literature, philosophy, biblical studies, and a variety of others, ranging from Medieval and Renaissance studies to Archaeology, African studies, and Buddhism.

GOPHER access will be dependent on your local gopher server. At many locations, one simply types the word GOPHER at the system prompt of the networked mainframe. Once inside the main Gopher directory, look for CPET files under: Other Gopher and Information Servers North America USA Washington, DC Georgetown University

Look into the directory CPET_PROJECTS_IN_ELECTRONIC_TEXT. The filenames of the digests have as extensions the approximate size in kilobytes of each file; file size will determine the length of time needed to acquire the file. Before retrieving any of the digests, please read the introductory file (CPET_DIGESTS_INTRODUCTION.TXT).

The FTP server works very well. The Anonymous FTP address is: guvax.georgetown.edu or ftp 141.161.1.2

When requested, login with the username ANONYMOUS and a password according to the formula YOURNAME@YOURSITE.

Once within GUVAX, at the ftp prompt (often either ftp> or *), change directories as follows: cd cpet_projects_in_electronic_text Obtaining files by discipline or language works quickly.

"The Center for Teaching and Technology, Academic Computer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C., also publishes an electronic journal titled Interpersonal Computing and Technology: An Electronic Journal for the 21st Century (ISSN: 1064-4326). The first issue, January, 1993 contained several articles on the interaction of electronic communication with teaching and individuals as well as a survey of electronic networking. Contact Zane Berge, Director, Center for Teaching and Technology, Georgetown University (berge@guvax.bitnet or berge@guvax.georgetown.edu). To retrieve a file by mail, send a GET command to: LISTSERV@GUVM To retrieve the table of contents, for example, send the command: GET CONTENTS IPCTV1N1 To retrieve the networking primer by Mauri P. Collins, send the command: GET COLLINS IPCTV1N1 To retrieve the entire issue (5866 lines), send the command: GET IPCTV1N1 PACKAGE

"Articles are Copyright 1993, but have fair use provisions." {Extracted from Humanist Discussion Group, Vol. 6, No. 0495. Wednesday, 10 Feb 1993.}

2. Project Gutenberg

Project Gutenberg is an archive of, predominantly, literary electronic texts. It publishes a newsletter (Machine Readable Texts News) on the archive and is frequently discussed on various listserver. It offers assistance in selection of hardware or software for scanning, etc. Questions about Project Gutenberg should go to: Michael S. Hart, Director of Project Gutenberg Etext (hart@uiucvmd.bitnet or hart@vmd.cso.uiuc.edu). Information from the archive is relayed to other sites such as simtel20, quake.think.com and nptn.org. Consult the Newsletter for more information. The listserv for the archive is: GUTNBERG@UIUCVMD One can also ftp directly to the archives: mrcnext.cso.uiuc.edu or 128.174.201.12

3. Electronic Text Service in the Humanities and History Division of the Columbia University Libraries

Contact Anita Lowry (lowry@cunixf.cc.columbia.edu.), co-founder and Director of the Electronic Text Service in the Humanities and History Division of the Columbia University Libraries, which assists Columbia faculty and students in making use of electronic texts and source materials for research, study, and teaching.

4. Philosophy Texts

"The Committee on Computer Use of the American Philosophical Association is organizing a new archive of classic historical texts in philosophy and in the history of science in the electronic medium. The goal is to make the texts freely available to scholars on an open computer server, accessible by the Internet [Available by anonymous FTP]. If you wish to contribute texts, or expect that you know of resources that the organizers would not know of, please contact Eric Palmer, preferably by e-mail, at epalmer@cc.utah.edu, or by paper mail at the Department of Philosophy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84112." {Extracted from HUMANIST 2-DEC-1992.}

The American Philosophical Association runs an excellent bulletin board. Telnet: atl.calstate.edu or 130.150.102.33 Login: apa The bulletin board has electronic journals, job notices, and other information.

5. Electronic Text Center & On-line Archive of Electronic Texts, Alderman Library, University of Virginia

The center will provide "an on-line collection of machine-readable texts. The initial set of on-line texts includes the new Oxford English Dictionary; the entire corpus of Old English writings; selected Library of America titles; several versions of Shakespeare's complete works; hundreds of other literary, social, historical, philosophical, and political materials in various languages (chiefly from the Oxford and the Cambridge Text Archives); and the currently released parts of two massive databases from Chadwyck-Healey: J-P. Migne's Patrologia Latina, and the English Poetry Full-Text Database, comprised of the complete works of 1,350 English poets from AD 600 to 1900. Because of contractual obligations, access to these texts and searching tools is restricted to University of Virginia students, faculty and staff."

The on-line texts are all SGML encoded. Some, tagged with the aid of volunteers from various library departments. "The texts are searched using Pat, a program developed initially for the Oxford English Dictionary." Contact David Seaman (etext@virginia.edu) for information. {Description from PACS-L "Public-Access Computer Systems Forum" 12-JAN-1993.}

6. The Center for Electronic Texts in the Humanities (CETH)

The Center for Electronic Texts in the Humanities has an inventory of machine-readably data files (MRDFs) with some 1,600 records, held on RLIN. It acquires and disseminates text files, which are encoded according to Text Encoding Initiative (TEI). "The Center for Electronic Texts in the Humanities was established in October 1991 by Rutgers and Princeton Universities with external support from the Mellon Foundation and the National Endowment for the Humanities. As a national focus of interest in the U.S. for those who are involved in the creation, dissemination and use of electronic texts in the humanities, it also acts as a national node on an international network of centers and projects which are actively involved in the handling of electronic texts. Developed from the international inventory of machine-readable texts which was begun at Rutgers in 1983 and is held on RLIN, the Center is now reviewing the records in the inventory and continues to catalog new texts. The acquisition and dissemination of text files to the community is another important activity, concentrating on a selection of good quality texts which can be made available over Internet with suitable retrieval software and with appropriate copyright permission. The Center also acts as a clearinghouse on information related to electronic texts, directing enquirers to other sources of information." {Extracted from CETH 1993 Summer Seminar on Electronic Texts in the Humanities, Humanist Discussion Group, Vol. 6, No. 0461. Wednesday, 27 Jan 1993.}

Susan Hockey (hockey@zodiac.bitnet) is director of the center. She writes that "at the Center for Electronic Texts in the Humanities (CETH), our focus is on the needs and requirements of scholarly applications in the humanities. In establishing our text collection, we are building on the foundation provided by the Text Encoding Initiative, which itself is built on the collective international wisdom of about thirty years' experience of dealing with electronic humanities texts.

"The TEI format addresses many scholarly concerns which other encoding schemes do not. It thus establishes a basis on which CETH can do research on what it is that humanities scholars want from electronic texts. Based on this research, in which users of our texts will participate, we will be able to provide much better tools for intellectual access to the texts, tools which will really address the requirements of scholarship and instruction in the humanities." {Extracted from pacs-l@uhupvm1.bitnet, 4-FEB-1993.} She subsequently noted that the "Center for Electronic Texts in the Humanities (CETH) has compiled a list of the major electronic text resources in the humanities. This list contains some descriptive information and was developed in collaboration with the Computers in Teaching Initiative Centre for Textual Studies at Oxford University....

"CETH is also compiling an Inventory of Electronic Texts in the Humanities which is held on RLIN. This and the collection of texts we are building are intended to bring together the needs of the library community in cataloging and maintaining electronic texts and the needs of the community of humanities scholars who want to use those texts for innovative research."

"...If you are on RLIN, you issue the command SEL FIL MDF, and that chooses the e-file as the database to search. The commands are then standard RLIN. Everything of value I could think of seems to be there, and things I didn't know besides." {Extracted from notes by James O'Donnell (jod@ccat.sas.upenn.edu) in the Humanist Discussion Group, Vol. 6, No. 0662. Friday, 9 Apr 1993 and from pacs-l@uhupvm1.bitnet, 10-FEB-1993.}

7. Center for Electronic Records of the National Archives

The Center does not "currently make any of our holdings or finding aids available via remote access (we DO NOT maintain a bulletin board or Internet accessible account). However, we do provide reference services via electronic mail by answering questions about our holdings.

"There are two main sources of information about the Center for Electronic Records of the National Archives and Records Administration. The first is General Information Leaflet 37, "Information About Electronic Records in the National Archives for Prospective Researchers." Included in GIL 37 are brief descriptions of the National Archives and the Center for Electronic Records, how we obtain and maintain the records in our custody, reference and access, and eight kinds of records in our custody (Attitudinal Data, Demographic Data, Economic and Financial Statistics, Education Data, Health and Social Services Data, International Data, Military Data, and Scientific and Technological Data).

Another source of information about our holdings is the "Center for Electronic Records Title List (A Partial and Preliminary List of the Datasets in the Custody of the National Archives)." The Title List is organized by the archival Record Group in which each data file is accessioned. Information contained in the list is maintained and updated in a computerized database by staff in the Center for Electronic Records. Approximately 4,500 data files of over 14,000 in the custody of the Center for Electronic Records are currently included in the database. Because this is only a subset of all data files in the custody of the National Archives, the current version of the Title List is considered partial and preliminary.

If you are interested in receiving copies of GIL 37 or the Title List, please respond to: TIF@NIHCU or tif@cu.nih.gov with your mailing address, or write to: Center for Electronic Records (NSX), ATTN: Reference Services, National Archives, Washington, DC 20408. The telephone number is (202) 501-5579. {Extracted from message by Theodore J. Hull (TIF@NIHCU.BITNET or tif@cu.nih.gov), Center for Electronic Records, National Archives (202) 501-5579 on PACS-L@UHUPVM1 28-JAN-1993.}

Military Data

In case you are not already familiar, the Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR) collects and distributes to member universities, data files relating to Europe including public opinion surveys (such as Eurobarometer).

8. OXFORD TEXT ARCHIVE

The Oxford Text Archive is a facility provided by Oxford University. It includes both literary and non-literary texts, e.g. the recent Maastricht Treaty. It exists to serve the interests of the academic community by providing archival and dissemination facilities for electronic texts at low cost. The Archive offers scholars long term storage and maintenance of their electronic texts free of charge, and assumes non-commercial distribution of electronic texts.

The Archive contains electronic versions of literary works in many languages. It contains collections of unpublished materials in linguistics, and electronic versions of some standard reference works. It has copies of texts, both by individual scholars and from research projects worldwide.

The Archive maintains a database of texts in other centers, worldwide, and it maintains an online "Short List" of machine- readable data files (MRDFs) held at Oxford, Cambridge, Louvain, Philadelphia and Provo. This list can be obtained by sending the message: SEND OXFORD SHORTLIST to: Archive@VAX.OXFORD.AC.UK

In a note dated 8 October 1992, the Oxford Text Archive announced that as of "this month, it is now possible to access machines here on JANET directly from the InterNet. As of today, it is also (ipso facto) possible directly to transfer files from a machine here to any other machine on the InterNet, without specifying a password, filling in a form, or any of that other stuff that some people find so difficult.

"We'd like to start making some--not all--of the Oxford Text Archive's materials available in this way. There are two constraints.

"Firstly, we cannot distribute material that does not belong to us. But there is a small quantity of material we can distribute, which we believe to be in the public domain.

"Secondly, we want to begin as we intend to go on: by distributing materials in TEI SGML only. But there is a small number of (mostly very large) files which we will make available 'as is' to test the procedure immediately. We'd appreciate your comments as to how useful/reliable you've found the procedure."

A catalog of the Archive is available on paper from: Oxford University Computing Service, 13 Banbury Road, Oxford OX2 6NN, UK. It is updated at least twice yearly. It is also available in electronic form: 1) on the Oxford VAX Cluster as: OX$DOC:TEXTARCHIVE.LIST and OX$DOC:TEXTARCHIVE.SGML 2) from various listservers, e.g.: LISTSERV@BROWNVM (send the mail message GET HUMANIST FILELIST for details) 3) by anonymous FTP from Internet site: black.ox.ac.uk or 129.67.1.165 Login FTP or anonymous in the directory: /ota From the FTP site: uk.ac.ox.vax or 129.67.1.13 Login: Guest Password: WELCOME {Based on an announcement of the Oxford Text Archive's network accessibility dated 8 October 1992. Also please note that the directory structure for this text archive varies from most typical FTP sites. To change directory, use the command cd [Archive] with the square brackets.}

Wherever you are, you can send a note to: ARCHIVE@VAX.OXFORD.AC.UK specifying which form you want.

{A list of projects can be obtained by sending the message: SEND OXFORD SHORTLIST to: Archive@VAX.OXFORD.AC.UK }

Note: There are several types of texts in the Archive. If you are a registered user of Oxford University Computing Services, you may simply send an email message to the username ARCHIVE, specifying which texts you want to use and for what purpose. Texts coded "X" are available only to registered OUCS users and may not be copied.

If you are not a registered OUCS user, you can access only texts in categories P, U, and A. These are public domain texts (P), texts usable by scholars in private research (U), or texts usable by scholars in private research, but only with the written consent of the depositor (A).

Copies may be sent via network if this may be done without undue difficulty. If copies are provided on disk or tape there is a small fee to cover the cost of the medium and postage; this fee must be paid in advance.

From a note by Burnard and Morrison, dated 8 October 1992: "Internet access is regarded here as a privilege, not a right. Please don't overuse it! And please remember that this is an experimental facility, which may be withdrawn or substantially modified at any time without notice." Contact Alan Morrison or Lou Burnard (JANET: ARCHIVE@UK.AC.OXFORD.VAX or ARCHIVE%UK.AC.OX.VAX@UCL-CS.ARPA). {Extracted from a note by Lou Burnard, Oxford University Computing Service (archive@vax.ox.ac.uk).}

9. Coombspapers Social Sciences Research Data Bank

For information on the Coombspapers Social Sciences Research Data Bank, contact Dr T. Matthew Ciolek or Mr Dave Ritchie (COOMBSPAPERS@COOMBS.ANU.EDU.AU.AU).

The data bank contains miscellaneous information about the social sciences, predominantly but not exclusively about Australia and the Pacific Rim.

VII. HISTORY NETWORKS

In early December, 1992, two different individuals announced formation of "History Networks" which seem to have parallel goals. As Richard Jensen (for H-Net, one of the new networks, the other being the History Network from Thomas Zielke) described the situation in HISTORY-L on Dec. 10, 1992, "Is it a law of history that great discoveries are made simultaneously? H-Net and History Network were invented about the same time and announced to the world simultaneously." He noted that the two were talking together "in cooperative fashion" and believes that there was room for two networks with somewhat different roles. Eventually the two did agree to combine forces. Following is a brief summary of the descriptions of the two networks and their plans which are illuminating about historians and electronic information sources:

H-NET

H-Net Planning Document, version 3.1 Dec 6, 1992 by Richard Jensen (Bitnet: U08946@uicvm Internet: u08946@uicvm.uic.edu)

Professor Jensen notes that although academic historians have computers, few use them to their fullest extent other than for word-processing. The intent of "H-Net" would be to facilitate access to online resources. Procedures would include the following:

1) "an electronic `bulletin board' system available with a modem through telephone lines or on the Internet using widely-used "Wildcat" software. The intention would be to include Listserv, Fileserve, Gopher and FTP services;

2) "a hands-on training program to show historians how to use their PCs more effectively." The training would be provided in a series of sessions at host universities and in formal sessions at conventions;

3) Institutions would be asked to pay a modest registration fee with the remainder from other sources;

4) The H-Net bulletin board would provide useful and timely information, including online newsletters, conference announcements, and programs;

5) The AHA Job Register for AHA members only;

6) "Rooms" comparable to those on other services in which groups of historians can communicate easily and privately, with invited volunteers to moderate the various doors and "to encourage the right people to enter into conversations"; they would also include Bitnet conferences and listservers, especially concerning methodology; course syllabi, outlines and handouts donated by teachers with instructions for--and bibliographies donated by-- historians; a major new combined retrospective index to the major history journals to be accessed by key word; and information on library catalogs and other bibliographic utilities such as CARL (guide to recent articles), RLIN, and OCLC.

7) Improved resources to support undergraduate teaching such as discussion groups for professors and teaching assistants, with a model "departmental" board for student-TA/teacher interaction or posting papers.

8) Run from the University of Illinois-Chicago, with the endorsement of the AHA and other groups, the project would start as a departmental bulletin board and then extend to other areas to the extent of offering shareware. {Information extracted from the Humanist Discussion Group, Vol. 6, No. 0391. Tuesday, 8 Dec 1992.}

THE HISTORY NETWORK

Thomas Zielke, the founder of the original HIST-L, announced the formation of the History Network to foster cooperation between all history-related lists, FTP- and LISTSERV-archives and other facilities. "... - we do need such a co-operation to help and assist each other in using all those facilities, establishing new facilities and - what is more important than ever - we need such an institution to make electronic communication a recognized and accepted tool for the historian."

He plans to:

1) Improve the LISTSERV services for historians, including more specialized discussion lists to the degree that there would be a list for "virtually every region, period and field of history";

2) Improve the number of FTP sites with an increasing number of "papers, historical documents, images, bibliographies and information files";

3) Help all historians with "new e-communication services." They would include opening a new list, or installing an electronic department bulletin board, or publishing an e-journal using existing models;

4) "The History Network will create a kind of general policy for all associated lists, and we will offer a service for list owners to help them deal with problems in this area. Additionally, the History Network will publish a general guide to the usage and operation of the facilities that are available."

The "physical location" of the History Network will be the University of Kansas, which has become one of the most important sites regarding the future of electronic communication for historians. The University of Kansas will also host our discussion group on their LISTSERV-machine.

Those who are interested in joining the History Network should direct their queries to Thomas Zielke (113355@DOLUNI1.BITNET). {Extracted from the Humanist Discussion Group, Vol. 6, No. 0393. Tuesday, 8 Dec 1992}

HNSOURCE Subsequently a LISTSERV, the History Network Forum, was established. Send a subscription request to: HN-ASK-L-Request@UKANVM.CC.UKANS.EDU

On 20-MAR-1993 HN-ASK-L announced that HNSOURCE is now open for business:

"ANNOUNCEMENT OF HNSOURCE

"The Department of History and Academic Computer Services of the University of Kansas HNSOURCE under the auspices of The History Network to serve as a central information server for historians. The server presently provides connections to on-line library catalogues through a HYTELNET facility, to some data bases and FTP sites that contain materials relevant to historical studies, as well as a full text document archive, access to world-wide gophers, several works on the use of the Internet, some Gutenberg electronic texts, and other facilities.

"The History Network intends that HNSOURCE will eventually provide connections to all public access facilities of use to historians, and to serve as a point of collection for materials that historians wish to share with the public. A bulletin board feature is ready to accommodate calls for papers, conference notices, job announcements and the like. HNSOURCE is a hypertext facility with switching facilities provided by LYNX. It is intended to offer a maximum of ease and simplicity of use, and comments, criticisms, and suggestions may be made to the operators from within the system.

To reach HNSOURCE: TELNET hnsource.cc.ukans.edu login: history no password required.

"Please feel free to browse and copy whatever you wish. We would particularly appreciate your comments and suggestions, as well as pointers to useful sources and sites, and the donation of whatever materials you think might be of use to others. Also, please think of HNSOURCE when you wish to make announcements of any sort, or if you wish to develop a professional electronic service of any kind. The more widely this facility is used, the more useful it will become." Operators: Marc Becker (MABECKER@UKANVM), Department of History, University of Kansas; Lynn H. Nelson (LHNELSON@UKANVM) Department of History, University of Kansas.

VIII. EUROPEAN CD-ROM SOURCES

1. SOPHIA "Fellow humanists will perhaps be interested in a CD-ROM disc called Sophia, containing a collection of European databases in the humanities. I have not yet much experience as its user, but the few searches I've done in it have been rewarding. The databases included are Philis (Duesseldorf), Sucoline (South Jutland, Esbjerg), Ungarische Bibliographie fuer Volkskunde, Donnerska Institutet (Abo/Turku), East European and Soviet Studies (London & Berlin), Oesterreichische historische Bibliographie (Klagenfurt), Internationale Bibliographie zur deutschen Klassik (Stiftung Weimarer Klassik), Referatendienst zur Literaturwissenschaft (Berlin), Blaise from the British Library, ATLA--Eastern Orthodox Church. In some of these, abstracts are included. The disc seems to be useful at least for philosophers and historians.

The disc also contains the software needed (Dataware). The price is 7200 Finnish marks or 1800 dollars. Orders and inquiries should be sent to Henri Broms, Honkatie 1 A, 00270 Helsinki, Finland.... {Extracted from a description on the Humanist Discussion Group, Vol. 6, No. 0662. Friday, 9 Apr 1993} by Jouko Lindstedt, jslindst@waltari.Helsinki.Fi or Jouko.Lindstedt@Helsinki.Fi}

IX. RESOURCES IN EUROPE AVAILABLE THROUGH THE INTERNET

A. ONLINE LIBRARY CATALOGS

Online accessible catalogs of European libraries are available through the internet. They are listed in this guide under the country concerned, or under European Gopher Servers in the Glossary Section on Gopher. There are a number of catalogs of library catalogs available. There are four sources for information on access listed in the Bibliography below: 1) HYTELNET, 2) Barron, 3) St. George, 4) Noonan.

{There has been considerable debate on HUMANIST concerning the merits of accessing distant online catalogs. After experience using TELNET and TN3270 to access online catalogs in Europe, I would reluctantly have to side with the skeptics. My qualms fall into several categories: 1) uncertainty of TELNET access; there are many instances when I cannot reach distant catalogs at all except late at night when there is little competition from domestic users. At other times the networks or systems are so slow that patience wears thin; 2) systems in European libraries vary so widely in commands that moving from one to the other is a trial; 3) most of the libraries currently on the net are of technical schools whose humanities content is insignificant; 4 despite best efforts, documentation inevitably falls behind changes; and 5) mapping keyboards to foreign, or domestic, interactive services is still imperfect.

B. EMAIL ADDRESSES AND DIRECTORY SERVICES FOR EUROPEANS

For email addresses of Europeans, there is a pilot service called PARADISE, available by telnetting to one of several sources in Europe: hypatia.umdc.umu.se or 130.239.16.15 login: de

paradise.ulcc.ac.uk or 128.86.8.56 login: dua

I was able to easily locate a name at the Freie Universitaet Berlin and could do a name search in German organizations--132 of them--by typing in a name and initiating a "power search." Specifying an institution speeded up the search.

A result included the name, department and telephone number. The electronic mail address might also be included. {From information supplied by Roland Hjerppe (rhj@ida.liu.se or rhj@SELIUIDA) in Humanist Discussion Group, Vol. 6, No. 0408. Friday, 11 Dec 1992.}

X. ASSOCIATION FOR HISTORY AND COMPUTING

"The Association for History and Computing seeks to act as a forum for all those interested in the development of IT applications in research and teaching in History in universities, colleges, schools, archives and museums. The 1993 conference of the UK branch of the association will concentrate on New Horizons in Historical Computing." Included were topics on the application of new technologies, commercial software, new research tools for historians, and new developments in genealogy and family history.

XI. EUROPEAN EXHIBITS AT THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS

a. The Vatican Library The exhibition of 200 treasures from the Vatican Library at the Library of Congress and the subsequent making available of that information through the networks has presented scholars of Medieval and Renaissance Europe with an invaluable opportunity to see the exhibits even though they could not travel to Washington and to see simultaneously the possibilities of information access and utilization in a networked world. Information about the Vatican Library exhibit at the Library of Congress appeared on several listservers (nis@cerf.net on 26-JAN-1993, PACS-L@UHUPVM1 on 22-JAN-1993, etc.) Following is the README file (1/18/93) from the exhibit that contains much useful information including the file structure. Note that each section of the exhibit includes both the texts describing the items and the images themselves. The images are stored in JPEG format, so set the FTP file type to binary before retrieving images. Although ASCII is obviously fine for text. There is also a directory (/viewers) that contains various JPEG programs for viewing these images on MS-DOS microcomputers. Set file type binary before retrieving those as well.

WELCOME to

ROME REBORN: THE VATICAN LIBRARY & RENAISSANCE CULTURE

an Exhibit at the Library of Congress Washington, DC 20540

Available by anonymous FTP from seq1.loc.gov (140.147.3.12)

/pub/vatican.exhibit

ROME REBORN: THE VATICAN LIBRARY AND RENAISSANCE CULTURE presents some 200 of the Vatican Library's most precious manuscripts, books, and maps--many of which played a key role in the humanist recovery of the classical heritage of Greece and Rome. The exhibition presents the untold story of the Vatican Library as the intellectual driving force behind the emergence of Rome as a political and scholarly superpower during the Renaissance. The exhibit will be on display in the Jefferson Building of the Library of Congress from January 8, 1993 through April 30, 1993. The online exhibit will be available by anonymous FTP indefinitely.

The exhibit is divided into nine (9) sections: The Vatican Library, Archaeology, Humanism, Mathematics, Music, Medicine & Biology, Nature Described, A Wider World I: How the Orient Came to Rome, and A Wider World II: How Rome Went to China. Each section consists of its own sub-directory within the /exhibit directory and contains the exhibit text for that section and separate image files for each object. This online exhibit includes not only objects from the Library of Congress exhibit, but also the alternate objects (brought from Rome to be used if there were a problem with one of the primary objects) and items omitted later in the planning process.

The exhibit text consists of the captions used in the exhibit at the Library of Congress (LC). Each caption includes the Vatican Library's accession number, the pages displayed (where appropriate), the Online Exhibit Number (which is the corresponding image file's filename), and the Object List Number (used in setting up the exhibit). In some instances, several objects illustrate a common theme, in which case their descriptions are separated from the others by a jagged line (/////). This convention is also used to separate different sections in the introductory text (file Intro.txt).

A 320 page catalog, "Rome Reborn: The Vatican Library and Renaissance Culture," containing over 200 color illustrations of the exhibit is available in soft-cover from the Library of Congress and in hard-cover from Yale University Press. See the file Catalog.txt in the vatican.exhibit directory for more information about the book "Rome Reborn."

The file Object_index contains a complete list of objects found in both the exhibit and the catalog. This index is organized by the Vatican Library's accession number and for each object lists a brief title, the Plate Number (used in the catalog), the Online Exhibit Number (image filename), and other control numbers used in planning the exhibit at LC. The file Master_list includes only the control numbers, in column format, so that it can easily be sorted by any of the numbers.

Because the exhibit text consists of only brief captions, the image files are of greater importance in this exhibit. Be sure to change to type BINARY (in FTP type the command "binary") before transferring the image files. Text files are in ASCII. To search for a particular name or item, consider importing the text files into your word processor and using its search capabilities to find any references, then downloading the appropriate image files. The Library of Congress is grateful to GTE ImageSpan for digitizing the images from 35mm slides and for providing JPEG compression software.

The /viewers sub-directory includes some shareware JPEG viewers and an extraction program. If you know of other or better public domain JPEG viewers that we should load here, please send information on where to obtain them to the system technician, K.D. Ellis (Internet address kell@seq1.loc.gov).

The text and images in the Online Exhibit ROME REBORN: THE VATICAN LIBRARY AND RENAISSANCE CULTURE are for the personal use of students, scholars, and the public. Any commercial use or publication of them is strictly prohibited.

Questions or comments about the CONTENT of the exhibit should be sent to vatican@kell.loc.gov while any questions or comments on the SYSTEM should be sent to K. E. Ellis of the Special Projects Office, Library of Congress (Kell@seq1.loc.gov). {Also included in the README file is an outline of the structure of files available}.

B. 1492: An Ongoing Voyage On May 21, 1993, the Library of Congress added the files for the 1492 Exhibit in a subdirectory of /pub. The file README has an introduction to the exhibit comparable to that for the Vatican Library. It combines the Mediterranean and the Americas in the 15th century. Both the text and images of the exhibits are available.

C. Other Exhibits There is also material from an exhibit on the Dead Sea Scrolls. This is a marvelous idea from LC. Checking the /pub directory will be rewarding.

XII. GENERAL ONLINE BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATABASES

A. LIBRARY OF CONGRESS

According to information from the Library of Congress, these bibliographic files, containing more than 28 million records in over 30 files, have been available to congressional offices, state libraries, and cooperative cataloguing libraries in the past. The files to be offered by the Library through the Internet include all LC MARC (machine-readable cataloguing) files; copyright files, 1978 to the present; public policy citations, 1976 to the present; and federal bill status files. Both the technical processing cataloging system (MUMS) and the reference and retrieval system (SCORPIO) will be accessible for searches over the Internet.

"The Library of Congress is able to offer remote access to its public databases via Internet as a free service, but must limit its customer support to documentation download over the Internet. The Library will begin by providing system availability to 60 simultaneous Internet users to ensure that service to Congress and on-site users is not degraded. Usage will be monitored to determine if this number can be expanded if needed, but service to congressional users will continue to be the Library's primary goal for its online systems."

To use the catalog, Telnet: LOCIS.LOC.GOV or 140.147.254.3 (no login or password needed)

The following menu will appear:

L O C I S : LIBRARY OF CONGRESS INFORMATION SYSTEM To make a choice: type a number, then press ENTER 1 Library of Congress Catalog 4 Braille and Audio 2 Federal Legislation 5 Organizations 3 Copyright Information 6 Foreign Law 7 Searching Hours and Basics 8 Documentation and Classes 9 Library of Congress General Information | |/ 12 Comments and Logoff

option 1 brings up this menu:

LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOG CHOICE 1 BOOKS: English language books 1968-, French 1973-, German, Portuguese, Spanish 1975-, other European languages 1976-77, non-European languages 1978-79. Some microforms 1984-. 2 BOOKS earlier than the dates above. Some serials, maps, music, audiovisual items. 3 Combination of files 1 and 2 above (LOCI and PREM). 4 SERIALS cataloged at LC & some other libraries since 1973. 5 MAPS and other cartographic items ... Atlases (which are books) are in LOCI and PREM 6 SUBJECT TERMS and cross references from LC Subject Headings. 12 Return to LOCIS MENU screen.

The Library of Congress Information System (LOCIS) consists of two systems: 1 SCORPIO provides browsable indexes, set creation, boolean combinations, advanced limiting features, and individual word searching in some files. 2 MUMS provides searching for individual words, searching on some numbers, left-match "compression key" searching, boolean combinations, and several advanced techniques. You can combine the searching features of both systems. HELP screens exist for most files and commands. 3 The Term Index, updated on 05/02/93, contains 8,847,765 terms. {Please note that searching hours are limited}

B. OCLC

The largest bibliographical database in the world. Available on CompuServe and Internet for a fee. Possible to do author/title as well as subject searching. A fee-based system. To access OCLC through the net, Telnet: epic.prod.oclc.org or 132.174.100.2 Enter your authorization and password. OCLC also maintains a listserv related to its electronic journal publishing projects: OCLC-Journals on Listserv@OCLC.org

C. RLIN

The Research Libraries Group bibliographic network. In addition to book and periodical searching from collections, also has archives, manuscripts, the 18th century short title catalog, a research in progress database, a database of electronic resources, and a listing of machine-readable data files for statistical and data files. Charges a fee. RLIN also offers a fee-based document delivery service called CITADEL (for CITAtion DELivery) that utilizes personal credit cards {according to Bob Pasker rbp@netcom.com on HISTORY, 16 February 1993}. The Telnet address is: rlg.stanford.edu or 36.54.0.18 or rlin.stanford.edu or 36.54.0.19

A sample of RLIN's new search system called Eureka! is available. Telnet: eureka-info.stanford.edu

Accounts are offered for students at reduced prices. Bob pasker also noted that information on RLIN access is available. Send email to: bl.ric.@rlg.stanford.edu

When connecting to rlin.stanford.edu use the account name NEED ACCOUNT to log in. Other information is available from Bruce Washburn. Email to: bl.btw@rlg.bitnet or bl.btw@rlg.stanford.edu

D. CARL

The Colorado Alliance of Research Libraries offers a number of free and fee-based services including document delivery and the ability to search book and periodical indices. Some parts of the service are free, others are fee-based. Telnet: pac.carl.org or 192.54.81.128 At the prompt: Enter Choice> enter: PAC [for public access catalog] and tap Return. Use //Exit to exit.

E. Harvard

Some libraries of the Harvard University library system are available through the net. Telnet or TN3270 to: Hollis.Harvard.Edu or 128.103.60.31 But some libraries, such as Peabody, have fee-based or password only access.

F. BLAISE

The British Library National Bibliographic Service is fee- based and offers access to the British National Bibliography database SIGLE (grey literature in Europe), and HMSO publications. Contact: B.Kefford@GEC-B.RLAC.UK

GLOSSARY

A. ARCHIE

Archie is a pair of software tools that make it possible to search a database, that is usually updated monthly, for software or files available on about 600 Internet ftp archive sites connected to the Internet. (It was developed at McGill University, which is still regarded as the home institution for the program.) The results of a search will be displayed on screen. It would characteristically include the FTP site holding that file and the name of the directory or subdirectory. "Users can ask archie to search for specific name strings. For example, 'prog kcl' would find all occurrences of the string 'kcl' and tell you which hosts have entries with this string, the size of the program, its last modification date and where it can be found on the host along with some other useful information. With one central database for all the archive sites we know about, archie greatly speeds the task of finding a specific program on the net. {Extracted from a note by Richard Hintz (hintz@oz.ucop.edu) on Humanist 22 July 1991}" The information will be returned as follows:

The address of the computer: Host coombs.anu.edu.au The directory holding the file: Location: /coombspapers/otherwork/soc-science-netlore Information on the file, including date created, size, and name: FILE -rw-r--r-- 7859 Jun 15 00:00 european-corpus-project.txt

This shows that there is a file called European corpus project, in the subdirectory /coombspapers/otherwork/soc-science- netlore on the host computer whose address is coombs.anu.edu.au in this case a computer in Australia. To acquire the file, one would use FTP or the Princeton BITFTP service.

For example, John J. Wanserski did an ARCHIE search on the word "European" and came up with 46 sites holding files--many of them duplicates--with the word European in their title. The files ranged from European book stores, phone numbers, and recipes to the corpus project noted above. ARCHIE has obvious limitations in its search by word, but can be a useful first stab at finding information in FTP sites. The results can also be indicative of sites holdings files of the type you are seeking and worthy of further exploration. For example, the sites, ftp.uu.net and unix.hensa.ac.uk, had copies of several European files listed and therefore seemed likely places to look for related files. ARCHIE and GOPHER are two features that are becoming increasingly popular on European computers.

Examples from the `European' ARCHIE search:

Host seq1.loc.gov Location: /pub/Library.of.Congress/about.LC/reading.rooms FILE -rw-r--r-- 4222 Sep 10 07:36 European

Host svin02.info.win.tue.nl Location: /pub/usenet/news.answers/books/stores FILE -rw-r--r-- 10796 Dec 25 23:38 european

Host unix.hensa.ac.uk Location: /pub/uunet/doc/literary/obi/DEC/humor FILE -rw-r--r-- 3515 Sep 28 1990 Freshman-Insights.European-History.Z

Searching hints: There are several extensive manuals for ARCHIE (see below) but one can execute a search after logging into an ARCHIE server by just knowing a few commands:

set pager <scrolls the screen page by page> set maxhits xx <where xx is a number, limits the number of hits, which is a generally wise policy to avoid computer overload; I use 10> prog <name> <initiates search where name is the name of the file or program being searched> site <sitename> <provides a complete directory of the site named, but not all servers> list .de$ <lists archie sites by last element in name, in this case for Germany> help <general online help> bye <stop running ARCHIE>

ARCHIE is available at a number of sites, more than 30 in Germany alone, but not all of them are accessible. Following are some ARCHIE servers that I have used:

archie1.unl.edu or 129.93.1.14 Univ. of Nevada info.funet.fi or 128.214.6.100 Finland dorm.rutgers.edu or 128.6.18.15 Rutgers archie.sura.net or 128.167.254.194 Experimental archie archie.ans.net or 147.225.1.10 U.S. (New York) Note: a very fast server quiche.cs.mcgill.ca or 132.206.3.23 Canada (ARCHIE home) Note: had hardware problems in May archie.doc.ic.ac.uk or 146.169.11.3 Great Britain Note: reminds users that it is intended for Europeans archie.th-darmstadt.de or 130.83.128.111 Germany Note: hard to access archie.luth.se or 130.240.18.4 Sweden archie.nz or 130.195.9.4 New Zealand archie.au or 139.130.4.6 Australia

Remember that even though the prompts may vary slightly, e.g. the one for Australia is Archie.AU> login as archie in lower case and that no password is required.

Note: A comprehensive ARCHIE REFERENCE MANUAL: Internet Listing Service including more information than one might want to know has been compiled by Alan Emtage (bajan@cs.mcgill.ca) and Bill Heelan (wheelan@cs.mcgill.ca) of McGill. "Archie was written and is maintained by Alan Emtage (bajan@cs.mcgill.ca) and Bill Heelan (wheelan@cs.mcgill.ca). Peter Deutsch (peterd@cc.mcgill.ca) provided (and continues to provide) ideas and inspiration. {Extracted from a note by Richard Hintz (hintz@oz.ucop.edu) on Humanist 22 July 1991}

For assistance send a one-word e-mail request: help to: archie@archie.mcgill.ca (or archie@ at any of the nodes listed above). This one-word message will yield a file explaining how to use ARCHIE.

Other ARCHIE help files are available at:

ftp.sura.net or 128.167.254.179 in the directory /pub/nic The archie manual and lots of Internet guides.

hydra.uwo.ca or 129.100.2.13 (which is an archive for library related software and documents at the U. of Western Ontario School of Information Sciences) in the directory /libsoft/ has European guides and especially archie_guide.txt by Richard Hintz, 1991

infolib.murdoch.edu.au or 134.115.80.10 in the directory /pub/soft/archie/ (especially archieuser.gde by R.P.C. Rodgers, 1991)

B. FTP (File Transfer Protocol)

Computers or host servers maintain files of texts and programs that can be transferred using a program called FTP (an acronym for File Transfer Protocol). Files listed in various directories and subdirectories, whether in ASCII or binary formats, can be acquired from distant hosts through the use of relatively easy commands. Help is available online from any FTP site by just typing the word help and then a carriage return.

Don Mabry (djm1@msstate or djm1@ra.msstate.edu), Director of the History Archive at Mississippi State University (see above) has written an excellent introduction to the FTP process that appeared on HISTORY 28-JAN-1993 but dated September 1, 1991. The following is based on that description:

"FILE TRANSFER PROTOCOL (FTP or ftp) is the fastest means of transferring a file from one computer to another. To do so, one must have an account not only on one's home computer but also on the computer from which you plan to retrieve a file. Fortunately, there are a number of computers that allow one to logon as anonymous and to use guest or one's e-mail address as the password. These are called anonymous ftp sites."

"To do an ftp, you only have to know a few commands. Files are stored in directories and subdirectories. Here are some basic commands with an explanation of them in brackets:

cd [change directory] DIR [display a directory] ls [list] ls -FC [list in columns, showing which are files, directories, or programs. Directories are marked with a /; programs with a *] get [command the distant computer to transfer a file] mget * [Interactively answer yes or no for retrieval of each file in a directory] bye [end ftp connection] quit [end ftp connection] binary [You MUST specify binary for a GIF, program, or any binary file]

Below is an example of an ftp session on ra.msstate.edu {note that the address is now ftp.msstate.edu}

ftp ra.msstate.edu Connected to ra.msstate.edu. 220 Ra.MsState.Edu FTP server (SunOS 4.1) ready. Name (ra.msstate.edu:djm1): anonymous 331 Guest login ok, send ident as password. Password: 230 Guest login ok, access restrictions apply. ftp> cd docs/history 250 CWD command successful. ftp> ls -FC 200 PORT command successful. 150 ASCII data connection for /bin/ls (130.18.80.10,3177) (0 bytes). {A directory listing would follow}

{One would get a file by preceding its name with the get command, e.g.: ftp> get bios.history {The system would respond by providing the number of bytes transferred and the amount of time it took. To log off the system and return to your home computer:} ftp> bye 221 Goodbye.

Many BITNET/EARN/NETNORTH/GULFNET sites cannot do a direct FTP. However, BITFTP -- Princeton BITNET FTP Server provides a mail interface to allow BITNET/NetNorth/EARN users to ftp files from sites on the Internet. In this case, one sends mail to: BITFTP@PUCC leaving the subject header blank, and putting the program commands in the body of the text. Note that each command *must* be on a separate line.

The recommended syntax for ftp requests is: FTP hostname USER anonymous <other ftp subcommands> QUIT (If the username is "anonymous", no password is required; BITFTP will use your userid and nodeid as the password.) Both ftp.msstate.edu and u.washington.edu want lower case for commands. {Please note that some sites require the use of capital letters when the filenames are in capitals or the exact use of the filename when mixed. A common cause of confusion results from failure to give a filename EXACTLY as it is displayed even if the filename has mixed upper and lower case letters.}

The following is an example of an ftp request sent by MAIL to BITFTP@PUCC:

FTP ra.msstate.edu USER anonymous cd docs/history get bios.history bye

I understand that non-BITNET sites cannot use BITFTP@PUCC, but have been told that mail sent to ftpmail@decwrl.dec.com will work. Below are the instructions for that mail program. Notice that one has to specify one's return address when using this program."

FTP by Mail Users at computers lacking FTP access can still get files through email. For information from: BITFTP@PUCC.Princeton send the one-word message: HELP

{Please note that many files, particularly the larger ones, are stored on host computers in a variety of compressed formats. The most familiar format is called PKZIP to compress a file and PKUNZIP to decompress it. There are too many variants to cover them all here. Consult your local guru particularly since compression is becoming increasingly popular as the number and size of files become larger than the storage space available for them. The last filelist I received from my local site had more than 30 variants of ZIP programs.}

C. GOPHER

In its simplest definition, Gopher is "Software following a simple protocol for tunneling through TCP/IP Internet." Another way of looking at it is simply as a means of accessing resources on the Internet without knowing a great deal about protocols, communications, server addresses or other technical matters. It is a nested menu system. The first menu in a Gopher lists general services available. One picks the service or function from that menu by running a light bar or arrow down the screen and tapping Return. That leads the user to a second menu and then a third, and so on. In each instance, a gopher service can be executed by simply moving the arrow or light bar and tapping Return.

For example, in a gopher one would find a menu that lists other gopher servers geographically or by subject. A menu item for Europe would lead to other menu items by country or by topic. Again, running the arrow or light bar down and tapping Return is all that one needs to do to access a listed service.

It eases access to various information sources considerably. In one example, I was on a gopher server in Sweden, and was then able to tap into the DFN (Deutsche Forschungsnetz) without knowing that its address was 192.76.176.15, at a considerable saving in time.

There are hundreds of gopher servers installed on European computers with the number growing constantly. Gopher is, for example, particularly popular in Germany. In addition to gophers in the former Federal Republic, gopher servers were being installed in universities and other institutions in the former GDR in Weimar and Jena, as well as the well-established gophers at such sites as Munich and at both the Free University and Technical University in Berlin. The only difficulty I have had is that in some instances the gopher would not allow a direct connection, but would accept it if it was a choice on another gopher server. Perhaps using your local gopher, if one is available, is the easiest to be certain of access, although I have used Telnet extensively before the local gopher became operational. Besides, access to one gopher server usually, but not always, provides access to other gophers throughout the world. There are, therefore, abilities to link from gophers in America, Sweden or elsewhere to gophers in other countries.

While Gopher is a wonderful tool, it cannot always access resources exterior to the computer mounting the gopher. One first receives a message that one is leaving the gopher. If the connection fails, the gopher network responds with something like: Network Error Cannot connect to host: [address] Connection refused by host Tapping Return leads back to the menu for a try elsewhere.

It is also not always possible to access a gopher. Sometimes there are too many users; at other times the communication lines are snarled or fouled up. Just because you cannot access a gopher through Telnet or your own local gopher does not mean that you are causing the problem. It may just be a simple network difficulty.

Gopher started at the University of Minnesota, named after the University team, the "Golden Gophers." It is also a play on the word "gofer," someone who fetches things.

Remember to login as gopher in lower case.

Selected Gopher Servers in the U.S. {together with comments on personal experiences}

University of Illinois gopher.uiuc.edu or 128.174.33.160 ux1.cso.uiuc.edu or 128.174.5.59 login: gopher Comments: A gopher server with Illinois information and access to other servers. The 128.174.5.59 server is faster and suggested for use. I have had difficulty connecting elsewhere from it, perhaps due to heavy traffic.

University of Iowa panda.uiowa.edu or 128.255.40.201 [login: panda] Comments: This "panda" system appears on the screen in a slightly different format than other gopher servers but has similar functionality. It required no login when I used it, but may require login: panda When I tried to access European servers (5/26/93) it responded that none were available, but that may have been due to heavy traffic on the net.

University of Minnesota micro.umn.edu or 134.84.132.4 gopher.micro.umn.edu or 134.84.132.3 login: gopher Comments: the home of gopher servers and the originator of the software used in other gophers. I have found connections to be difficult, in part because so many other gopher servers, as well as individuals, use this server. The email address for comments is: gopher@boombox.micro.umn.edu

University of North Carolina sunsite.unc.edu or 152.2.22.80 login: launch or launchpad Comments: Although not technically a gopher, this laUNCpad information system provides access to Archie, Veronica and WAIS searches as well as other information. It is a menued, easy to use system with an enormous amount of information.

University of North Texas gopher.unt.edu or 129.120.1.42 login: gopher Comments: From personal experience, this seems to be an exceptionally well-run gopher server with excellent connectivity. It is not too busy at most times. Try connecting to the United Nations' gopher server, which is also quite functional, by picking International from the UNT gopher menu.

University of Pennsylvania ccat.sas.upenn.edu or 128.91.13.148 login: gopher Comments: A gopher currently being implemented. Lots of University of Pennsylvania stuff but not all other features are functioning yet. But contains the entire electronic backfile of OFFLINE, the religious studies periodical. I have had difficulty access since it asked for a password when using Telnet.

Yale University gopher.yale.edu 130.132.21.250 Comments: Experimental implementation of gopher. Has Internet resources, Internet libraries. Has a description of Virtual Library at UC-Santa Barbara. Fast and functional.

Although it is recommended that, as with any other resources, one use a gopher next door before one across the world, distant gophers frequently have resources specific to that institution or region but may not be linked to your local gopher and are therefore preferable The following example uses a gopher server in Australia for a search conducted from Wisconsin and shows the number of institution-specific resources that were available:

telnet info.anu.edu.au Trying 150.203.84.20 ... Connected to info.anu.edu.au. Escape character is '^]'. +---------------------------------------------------------+ | Welcome to the ANU's Experimental Information Server | | ---------------------------------------------------- | | | | - To gain access to the Information Service: | | Type `info' after the login prompt. | | | | - To gain access to Worldwide library catalogues: | | Type `library' after the login prompt. | | | | - To Exit: type q at a menu prompt. | | | | - Problems: e-mail to `helpdesk@library.anu.edu.au' | | or phone (06) 249-2009 | +---------------------------------------------------------+

SunOS UNIX (info)

login: info Last login: Thu Apr 29 04:09:33 from DOCLIB.WHOI.EDU SunOS Release 4.1.2 (INFO) #1: Wed Aug 19 10:11:08 EST 1992 Welcome to the wonderful world of Gopher!

Gopher has limitations on its use and comes without a warranty. Please refer to the file `Copyright' included the distribution.

Internet Gopher Information Client v1.1, Copyright 1991, 1992, by the Regents of the University of Minnesota.

{A typical menu:}

Internet Gopher Information Client v1.1 Root gopher server: info.anu.edu.au

--> 1. About the ANU Electronic Library Information Service. 2. Announcements/ 3. ANU Library Services/ 4. Canberra Libraries/ 5. Libraries elsewhere/ 6. Local ANU databases/ 7. Periodicals, Journals & Newsletters/ 8. Reference books/ 9. Services at Other Institutions/ 10. Testing Area/ 11. The Electronic Library/Press

{A sub-menu:}

--> 1. ANU Campus Information System (Under Development)/ 2. ANU Connection Machine Gopher server/ 3. ANU Pacific Manuscripts Bureau Papers <?> 4. ANU Social Sciences Data Archives Abstracts <?> 5. ANU Supercomputer Facility Gopher server/ 6. Aboriginal Studies Papers <?> 7. Asian Religions Papers <?> 8. Automated Reasoning Project Gopher Server/ 9. Biology Gopher (RSBS)/ 10. CSC - General FTP Archive/ 11. CSC - NCSA Mirror Archive/ 12. CSC - Weekly Bulletins/ 13. Coombs - General FTP Archive/ 14. CoombsPapers - Social Sciences Research Data Bank/ 15. Coombspapers - ANU Thai Yunnan WAIS Index <?> 16. Network Info for Social Science, Arts & Humanities Researchers <?> 17. Pacific Linguistics Papers <?> 18. RSPhysSE School Computing Unit Unix gopher information service/ ...

{Unfortunately, perhaps because I was accessing it through TELNET from half-way across the world, the gopher server did not always allow me to access external resources. But in one case, in my testing of the system, it did allow me to go to a computer in Illinois, which meant that from Wisconsin I was going 20,000 miles on the net to find out the local weather forecast.}

Selected Gopher Servers in Europe

Austria

Telnet: Finfo.tu-graz.ac.at or 129.27.2.4 login: info Comments: This server describes itself as "Hyper-G, the Hypermedia Information System of the Technical University" It offers extensive access to specialized Austrian resources. Instructions are offered in a choice of German, Styrian, or English. For the English interface type: sprache Englisch

Germany

Telnet: gopher.th-darmstadt.de or 130.83.55.75 login: gopher Comments: Instructions in German. Has info on the Hessische Landes-und-Hochschulbibliothek von A bis Z. Information on travel (bus and train schedules), performances and (rock) music in the Rhineland, as well as on the Rhineland in general. Access to other gophers including the Archiv gegen Auslaenderfeindlichkeit, Rassismus und Nationalismus (which is a menu selection under Other Information Systems) at: gg15hzas@rz.uni-sb.de (Saarbruecken) {I have also seen references to a "Deutsche Gopher Server" but was unable to access it from my local gopher.}

Great Britain

General Telnet: mailbase.ac.uk 70 General gopher server for the United Kingdom

Edinburgh Edinfo Telnet: 129.215.128.24 login: edinfo password: [Tap Return] Comments: This menu-driven system, easily accessible and easy to use, gives extensive information about Edinburgh (city and university), information for librarians (on the BUBL, bulletin board for libraries, which has current contents and other sources), and access to services exterior to Edinburgh such as the Humanities Bulletin Board at Oxford University. Has a stern legal warning, but still OK to use. Although not technically a gopher server, has many of the characteristics of one. Through it, it was possible to access other British library catalogs.

Norway

{According to a note from Knut Hofland (knut@x400.hd.uib.no), Norwegian Centre for the Humanities, there is a Gopher available at: nora.hd.uib.no or 129.177.24.42 that contains a number of lexical and other files, but I have been unable to access}

Sweden

gopher.chalmers.se or 129.16.221.40 login: gopher This server in Gothenburg offers instruction and access in Swedish and English. It accesses other European gophers--eight pages worth--but most are scientifically oriented. One notable feature is the German Gopher Server (Deutsche Gopher Server) and its lengthy list of gophers that is included as an access point, but buried in a submenu. This one is worth exploring.

gopher.lysator.liu.se 70 Name=Project Runeberg Type=1 Path=1/project-runeberg Comments: In addition to etexts of Scandinavian authors, lysator plans to maintain a "Directory of European E-Text Projects."

sunic.sunet.se or 192.36.125.2 The information is presented in English on this server. It is notably European-oriented based on the list of services offered.

Bibliography:

A frequently updated list of "World-Wide Gopher Sites," sorted by domain structure, is available via anonymous FTP at Washington and Lee University: liberty.uc.w/u.edu or 137.113.10.35 The list includes an indication as to whether the site connected or worked in a recent test. The list (May, 1993) was more than 130K long. Note: The domain for most gopher servers in the U.S. is edu, as in gopher.indiana.edu

D. LISTSERVERS

A listserver is a computer function that manages the mail sent to subscribers of a list. It has been described in one instance as an automated mail room for it serves just that function. Unless noted otherwise in the lists above, subscriptions to listservers and the archived notebooks are assumed to be open. But prospective users should also note and be cautioned that as mail computer functions have become increasingly easier to install and manage, the number of private and specialized mailing lists that do not appear in any directory has increased significantly.

The most common confusion in using listservers is the difference between the listserver, the computer program that acts as a mail room and routes the messages to appropriate lists and individuals, and the list itself, which consists of the people reading the information. As listservers themselves frequently reminder prospective subscribers:

PLEASE NOTE: LISTSERV commands go to ***LISTSERV***, NOT to the list!

In other words, to subscribe, send a message to the computer (listserver) and to interact with other members of the list, send a message to the list name. Sending a non-recognized message or inquiry to the listserver will result in a polite Huh? Sending a request for a subscription to list members may result in several less than polite responses since everyone on the list will have received it. For example, to subscribe to the social history list named SOCHIST do not put anything in the Subject line, just send the one- line message:

SUBSCRIBE SOCHIST YourFirstName YourLastName to the listserv, in this case: LISTSERV@USCVM.Bitnet

To sign off, send the one-line message to the LISTSERV@USCVM: UNSUBSCRIBE SOCHIST

To put mail on hold, send the message: SET SOCHIST NOMAIL

To resume mail, send the message: SET SOCHIST MAIL

For information on a list, send the one-line command: HELP

Again, send it to the listserver@node, not to the list name.

To post messages to everyone on a list, send it to the listname@node, e.g. SOCHIST@USCVM.Bitnet

Please note that it is not only proper etiquette to sign messages with your name and electronic address, but it will result in more responses. Finally, commands sent to the LISTSERVER will be acknowledged; messages you post to the list will not usually be sent back to you, but will be forwarded to other list members.

In response to a subscription, one usually receives a standard reply such as the following from HN-ASK-L:

Your subscription to list HN-ASK-L (History Network Forum) has been accepted.

You may leave the list at any time by sending a "SIGNOFF HN- ASK-L" command to: LISTSERV@UKANVM.BITNET or LISTSERV@UKANVM.CC.UKANS.EDU Please note that this command must NOT be sent to the list address: HN-ASK-L@UKANVM but to the LISTSERV address: LISTSERV@UKANVM

Contributions sent to this list are automatically archived. You can obtain a list of the available archive files by sending an "INDEX HN-ASK-L" command to: LISTSERV@UKANVM.BITNET or LISTSERV@UKANVM.CC.UKANS.EDU These files can then be retrieved by means of a GET HN-ASK-L filetype command, or by using the database search facilities of LISTSERV. Send an INFO DATABASE command for more information on the latter.

More information on LISTSERV commands can be found in the LISTSERV reference card, which you can retrieve by sending the command INFO REFCARD to: LISTSERV@UKANVM.BITNET or LISTSERV@UKANVM.CC.UKANS.EDU

There are two other options worth mentioning:

1) An INDEX option. With the index option on, the system will send a daily list of the messages that appeared on the list in the preceding 24 hours. The index uses two lines per message to show the full information about the original sender, the subject line, and the length (number of lines); 2) A DIGEST option that will combine all the individual messages into one big message per period, usually a week. For HISTORY for example, the digest option

To use any of these options, use the SET command and send it to the LISTSERV not to the list name: SET <list-name> <option> where option is INDEX, or DIGEST. For example: SET SOCHIST DIGEST

To find out who is signed up to the list, use the REVIEW command, which returns the network address and name of all the subscribers. If you do not wish your name to be available to others in this fashion, issue a command to the listserv: SET SOCHIST CONCEAL

Some, perhaps most, listservers also have a somewhat primitive but effective means of searching the listserver archives. Called LDBASE, it can be used through mail commands. For complete documentation on LDBASE, send e-mail to any LISTSERV with the one-line message: INFO DATABASE You will receive a substantial file comprehensively describing LDBASE.

Charles W. Bailey, Jr. has written a brief tutorial on LDBASE. Entitled PACSL_DBMS.TXT, it is available from the Anonymous FTP site: HYDRA.UWO.CA in the LIBSOFT directory.

Getting a List of Listserv Lists

If you want to know all of the listservers being handled by a specific site, send the command LIST GLOBAL for a list or the command LIST DETAILED for a detailed list that includes descriptions of the listervers (and how most of the information on listservers in this guide was obtained).

For my region, the listserver at NDSUVM1 or VM1.NoDak.EDU maintains a list of interest groups that can be acquired. That, together with the updates, has been used for the compilation of such guides as the subject-arranged list by D. Kovacs and associates (see Bibliography below). If one wants the original list, send the command GET LISTSOF LISTS to: NDSUVM1 or VM1.NoDak.EDU

The result will be, as of Nov. 6, 1992, a list of some 3,480 lines long called "List of all LISTSERV lists known to LISTSERV@NDSUVM1 on 6 Nov 1992 16:37." The information provided is the list name, the listserver location, and a very brief description.

Keeping Up with New Lists

NEW-LIST@VM1.NoDak.EDU NEW-LIST@NDSUVM1.Bitnet Subscribing to this list results in being sent a description of each new listserv, regardless of field, as it is becomes available on the net. Subscribe as to a regular listserv. "The `NEW-LIST' list has been established as a central address to post announcements of new public mailing lists. In addition, `NEW-LIST' might be used as a final verification before establishing a list (to check for existing lists on the same topic, etc.). However, be sure to check sources such as the Internet List-of-Lists (SIGLIST or INTEREST-GROUPS list), LISTSERV GROUPS, Usenet News newusers lists, and the LISTS database on the major LISTSERVs (we have the LISTS database on NDSUVM1)." Coordinator: Marty Hoag (INFO@VM1.NODAK.EDU or INFO@NDSUVM1.BITNET)

Bibliography on Listservers:

1. A subject arranged Directory of Scholarly Electronic Conferences (as of Feb., 1993, in its 6th Revision) is available from: LISTSERV@KENTVM or LISTSERV@KENTVM.KENT.EDU and via anonymous FTP to ksuvxa.kent.edu in the library directory. "This directory contains descriptions of electronic conferences (e-conferences) on topics of interest to scholars. E-conference is the umbrella term that includes discussion lists, interest groups, e-journals, e-newsletters, Usenet newsgroups, forums, etc. We have used our own judgment in deciding what is of scholarly interest, and accept any advice or argument about our decisions." It is prepared by a team of librarians coordinated by Diane Kovacs (dkovacs@kentvm.bitnet). The files consist of the following: ACADLIST README (explanatory notes for the Directory) ACADSTAC.HQX (binhexed, self-decompressing, HYPERCARD Stack of first 7 files - Keyword searchable) ACADCOMP.HQX (binhexed, self-decompressing, HYPERCARD Stack of FILE8 and FILE9 - Keyword searchable) ACADLIST FILE1 (Anthropology- Education) 53k ACADLIST FILE2 (Geography-Library and Information Science) 91k ACADLIST FILE3 (Linguistics-Political Science) 49k ACADLIST FILE4 (Psychology-Writing) 54k ACADLIST FILE5 (Biological Sciences) 43k ACADLIST FILE6 (Physical Sciences) 43k ACADLIST FILE7 (Business, Academia, News) 22k ACADLIST FILE8 (Computer Science, Social, Cultural and Political Aspects of Computers and Academic Computing Support) 104k ACADWHOL HQX (binhexed self-decompressing Macintosh M.S. Word version of all 8 files) ACADLIST.CHANGES (this is now empty due to difficulty of keeping up with the changes this time.)

The team, chaired by Diane Kovacs, providing the lists has provided the following instructions (which are generally applicable for obtaining files from other servers) for retrieving the files:

1. Send an e-mail message addressed to LISTSERV@KENTVM or LISTSERV@KENTVM.KENT.EDU. 2. Leave the subject and other info lines blank. 3. The message must read: GET Filename Filetype E.g.: GET ACADLIST FILE3

The List Review Service

"The List Review Service quantitatively and qualitatively explores email distribution lists (primarily Bitnet Listserv Lists). The cataract of information available to those with network access make all but the most cursory examinations of lists impossible. Akin to book and restaurant reviews, each issue begins with a narrative description of usually one week's worth of monitoring, then presents simple statistical data such as the number of messages and lines, number of queries and non-queries, number of subscribers and countries represented, list owner, location, and how to subscribe.

"The editor sees the publication as a means to cross-fertilize user perceptions of network resources (i.e., active proselytization for cyberspace). The service attempts to explore as wide a range of lists as possible, from the hard science to the fuzziest of the humanities. (ISSN: 1060-8192)

Posted bi-weekly on LIBREF-L. To subscribe to LIBREF-L, send a single line message with no subject to Bitnet address: LISTSERV@KENTVM or Internet address: LISTSERV@KENTVM.KENT.EDU consisting of: SUBSCRIBE LIBREF-L YourName

TELNET AND TN3270

Telnet and TN3270 are computer programs that permit real-time interaction with distant host computers. Typically, they are used to search online library catalogs or similar information servers. It is also possible to use either program to access ARCHIE or GOPHER sites.

One of the most characteristic uses of these programs is to search online databases, particularly online library catalogs, interactively. There are some problems, particularly keyboard mapping, related to such searches, but they can be fruitful in accessing online databases of unique materials.

Increasingly, access to online library catalogs is being included on GOPHER servers as a menu pick. I have found that using catalogs this way has usually, although not always, resulted in fewer keyboard mapping problems than when I accessed them through TELNET or TN3270. Be alert to the information provided for logging off of a system.

For lists of libraries and other information resources available through TELNET, consult the bibliography below.

E. USENET

USENET is a worldwide network of over 10,000 hosts and 300,000 users. It is not strictly an academic network, as is BITNET for example, for it includes a number of commercial sites. One component is called USENET News or the USENET newsgroups. It may be irregularly available at various sites and is dependent for access on the decision of local computer operators. As noted elsewhere in the country or chronological sections of this guide, many of the USENET newsgroups stray far afield from academic pursuits and are frequently battlegrounds for varying opinions concerning current events from individuals with relatively little academic background in the subject or area. The Newsgroups can vary with local institutions, but in most cases one is provided with a file that lists all of them and that can be subsequently edited to exclude those of little interest. In addition, when one reads the News, one will see a list of groups established since last use of the system. In addition, newsgroups have also been established in European countries that conduct business in the languages of those countries--notably in Germany. Access to these groups is even more problematical since few are mounted on American computers. Consult your local computer center. Consult the following newsgroups within USENET News for more information: news.announce.newusers news.lists news.newusers.questions

Also useful are the sometimes surprisingly extensive files called FAQs, an acronym that stands for Frequently Asked Questions. These files have general information about a country that is sometimes difficult to locate otherwise. They usually contain addresses such as those of bookstores specializing in providing materials from specific countries or the information about recent developments, e.g. a description of the new postal code system in Germany appeared on the German FAQ.

Many of the comments and responses--some of them flames when the topics are, as most of them are, controversial--are oriented towards political or social questions and less frequently towards academic historical questions. Comments tend to be less polite or circumspect than those on listserver lists. They can be a way to make foreign contacts or get the latest opinions of contemporary events from diverse and international viewpoints. Since group participants frequently resort to historical antecedents to substantiate their opinions, there are postings of historical documents that are useful to have in electronic form. But cross- posting among lists is a bane of the service; some messages are cross-posted to every conceivable and some inconceivable lists. Potential readers should be ready to hit k for kill messages with similar topics and be prepared for voluminous mailings about hot topics.

F. VERONICA

"Veronica is a service that maintains an index of titles of items located in gopher servers and provides keyword searches of these titles." It is an experimental service developed by Steve Foster and Fred Barrie at the University of Nevada.

VERONICA stands for "very easy rodent-oriented net-wide index to computerized archives." Veronica must be accessed through a gopher client. If you have a gopher client, use it to connect to a gopher server which offers a link to a veronica server.

Steve Foster wrote on November 17, 1992, that "Veronica offers a keyword search of most gopher-server menus in the entire gopher web. As Archie is to ftp archives, Veronica is to gopherspace. Unlike Archie, the search results can connect you directly to the data source. Imagine an Archie search that lets you select the data, not just the host sites, directly from a menu. Because Veronica is accessed through a gopher client, it is easy to use, and gives access to all types of data supported by the gopher protocol.

"Veronica was designed as a response to the problem of resource discovery in the rapidly-expanding gopher web. Frustrated comments in the net news-groups have recently reflected the need for such a service. Additional motivation came from the comments of naive gopher users, several of whom assumed that a simple-to-use service would provide a means to find resources `without having to know where they are.'

"The result of a Veronica search is an automatically-generated gopher menu, customized according to the user's keyboard specification. Items on this menu may be drawn from many gopher servers. These are functional gopher items, immediately accessible via the gopher client...just double-click to open directories, read files, or perform other searches--across hundreds of gopher servers. You need never know which server is actually involved in filling your request for information. Items that appear particularly interesting can be saved in the user's bookmark list.

If your local gopher server does not already have a link to veronica, use gopher to go to the server at: gopher.micro.umn.edu 70 [port 70] or at another gopher server. Choose the menu item "Other Gopher and Information Servers." Choose veronica from that menu.

G. WAIS (Wide Area Information System)

A WAIS customarily has access to a number of resources and other information servers. The most outstanding example of a WAIS is at: quake.think.com or 192.31.181.1 Login: wais It has the Bryn Mawr Classical Review and other humanities resources. It provides a directory of ARCHIE servers that can be searched by keyword.

Another WAIS client is available. Telnet to: sunsite.unc.edu login: swais

An example of a CWIS is at Rutgers: info.Rutgers.edu Rutgers University Pilot Campus-Wide Info Server. In the library directory has Superbook and guides to the Internet but most of the information is about Rutgers.

H. WORLD WIDE WEB (WWW)

The WorldWideWeb (W3) is a wide-area hypermedia information retrieval initiative that intends to provide universal access to Internet documents. Documents and databases are cross-referenced by hypertext-like links with the intention of eventually providing a master index to Internet holdings.

Most of the subjects covered are technical, but a few-- Geography, Literature and Art, Music, Philosophy may be of interest to readers of this guide.

The WorldWideWeb allows for searching by keyword, subject and system (WAIS, FTP, Gopher, Telnet and so on).

Access: telnet info.cern.ch (or 128.141.201.74) Swiss [no login] Contact: www-request@info.cern.ch telnet www.njit.edu (or 128.235.1.160) USA - New Jersey [login=www] telnet info.funet.fi (or 128.214.6.100) Finland {Note: could not access} [login=www] {Based on The Electric Mystic's Guide, Volume One, Edition 2.0, 1993}

There is also an FTP site: info.cern.ch see the directory pub/WWW/bin

BIBLIOGRAPHY (with emphasis on tools for accessing European resources and general guides useful for background) Please note that the following are sites that I used for these files, but that other locations for these materials can be uncovered by using an ARCHIE or VERONICA search (see above).

Barron, Billy. "UNT's Accessing On-Line Bibliographic Databases" by Billy Barron (billy@unt.edu) which is copyright University of North Texas but grants individuals the right to use excerpts from the document as long as it is not sold for profit, lists libraries available on the net. It is available via anonymous FTP on the node: FTP.UNT.EDU or 129.120.1.1 Login as: anonymous, then cd pub/library. This directory has a number of other library related tools. The entries are arranged alphabetically by institution name. For more information contact Billy Barron (billy@unt.edu).

A typical entry would appear as follows: Abo University Location: Abo, Finland To use, you must have an account. Contact Marie-Louise Lindstrum (miso@finabo.abo.fi), Susanne Olin (susanne@finabo,abo.fi), or Abo Akademi; Domkyrkogatan 2-4; SF-20500 ABO, Finland. To access: 1. Type TELNET BO.ABO.FI. 2. At the BO> prompt, type HELLO userid,REF.CLAS01. 3. Enter your password. 4. Select 10 as your terminal type. See "Using VTLS" for more information. To exit, type /QUIT.

"Big Fun in the Internet with Uncle Bert," by Jeremy Smith (jeremy@atlantis.cs.orst.edu) is, despite its cute title, a really informative guide to general network resources. It takes up such issues as file compression and suggests where files can be obtained to deal with that problem. It is a text that I always keep handy to find such things as weather forecasts and other items that are useful even if not directly related to European history. It is available on the FTP site lawlib@liberty.uc.wlu.edu and other servers.

Carl, Linda D., ed. and Andrew Perry, comp. "New User's Guide to Useful and Unique Resources on the Internet." Excellent overview. Obtain via anonymous ftp from: NYSERNET.ORG or 192.77.173.2 in directory: /pub/guides as file Guide.V.2.2.text.

Collins, Mauri P. Computer Networks and Networking: A Primer; in "Interpersonal Computing and Technology: An Electronic Journal for the 21st Century." Get COLLINS IPCTV1N1 from: LISTSERV@GUVM.BITNET or LISTSERV@GUVM.GEORGETOWN.EDU

"Educator's Guide to Email Lists and USENET Newsgroups--Revised." Revised versions of the Ednet Educator's Guide to Email Lists and USENET Groups is available by anonymous ftp to: nic.umass.edu or 128.119.166.14 login: anonymous in the directory pub/ednet The filenames are educatrs.lst edusenet.gde Based on a note from Prescott Smith (pgsmith@educ.umass.edu) who also edits Ednet - a forum exploring the educational potential of the Internet. Subscribe via email to: Listserv@nic.umass.edu 1st line: SUB EDNET YourName

EDUCOM Review. Articles available via anonymous ftp from: educom.edu or 192.52.179.128 in directory /pub/EDUCOM-Review-1992 and /pub/EDUCOM-Review-1993. For example, the file names for January 1993 articles are as follows: EDUCOM-Review-Jan93-author_last_name where "author_last_name" is replaced by the author's last name; but a listing (ls) will show you this as well. For email only users, the LISTSERV@BITNIC has at least some of the EDUCOM Review articles archived with CCNews. {Based on information supplied by David Robison (drobison@library.berkeley.edu or drobison@ucblibra)}

Ejournal: An Electronic Journal Concerned with the Implications of Electronic Networks and Texts: ejournal@albany.bitnet

"Electric Mystic's Guide to the Internet," by Michael Strangelove. Anonymous FTP to: panda1.uottawa.ca or 137.122.6.16 Filename electric-mystics-guide in directory pub/religion which also has a number of other texts related to religion and electronics.

"Electronic Communication and the Humanities Scholar," by Scott Stebelman (SCOTTLIB@GWUVM). Anonymous ftp to: gwuvm.gwu.edu or 128.164.129.1 File bitwork.fac in the root directory.

"Electronic Voyager Guidebook: Social Scientists' Electronic Guidebook," by T. Matthew Ciolek. Anonymous FTP to: infolib.murdoch.edu.au or 134.115.80.10 voyager.list in pub/dir/netinfo {Note: the same fileserver has a bibliography by De Stanton on internet policy in the directory pub/bib as stanton.bib}

"Getting to start: Selected Reading in Computer Communication," by Elliott S. Parker (3ZLUFUR@CMUVM). Ver. 2.2, November, 1992. Send email message to Comserve@RPIECS.Bitnet with one-line message: Send Compunet Biblio

History Microcomputer Review. A twice-yearly journal "addressing the use of computers in teaching history and understanding the past." Address: History Microcomputer Review, Dept. of History, Pittsburgh State University, Pittsburgh, Kansas, 66762. Phone: (316) 232-7515. Note: GHETA at Groningen has a subdirectory entitled History Microcomputer Review, and seemingly plans to put the articles in machine-readable form.

[How-to Guides] The Suranet Network Information Center offers a number of informational and navigational tools for users new to the Internet. Anonymous ftp: ftp.sura.net or 128.167.254.179 They are in the directory: pub/networking and elsewhere in this FTP server. For information or general internet questions, send a request to: info@sura.net HYTELNET is a computer program for providing online assistance in accessing distant information sources. European sites are also included in the hytelnet package. It is available through anonymous ftp: access.usask.ca or 128.233.3.1 in the directory pub/hytelnet/pc {or other operating system} The filename will be called: hyteln63.zip or another appropriate version number. Please note that this is a binary file and must be transferred in binary mode from the FTP server. The file will have to be unzipped with PKUNZIP before it is useable locally. Also, it should be noted that when the file is unzipped in a directory created for it, it expands into several hundred sub-directories. When a new version appears they will have to be deleted before the program is unzipped. {Note: the server with HYTELNET also has a large number of etexts in literature.} Note: Entries in HYTELNET are being updated through a listserver: HYTEL-L@KENTVM.BITNET Subscribe as to any other listserv list. It informs subscribers about new versions of the HYTELNET program and new/updated/deleted files issued between full versions of the program. It is a moderated list, so only the listowner can post messages.

"Individual Access to the Internet" Sept. 29, 1992. Anonymous FTP to: liberty.uc.wlu.edu or 137.113.10.35 Filename internet.access in the directory /pub/lawlib {The same directory has an enormous number of other Internet guides!}

"Information Sources: The Internet and Computer-Mediated Communication," by John December (decemj@rpi.edu). Anonymous ftp: ftp.rpi.edu or 128.113.1.5 File internet-cmc in directory pub/communications, which has other hot-to guides and information pointers. A useful list of Internet guides with FTP addresses. Note: Use FTP as login. Does not accept anonymous.

"Internet Archives and Servers." A six-page directory of special internet archives and servers, written by Scott Yanoff (yanoff@csd4.csd.uwm.edu), is a subject arranged list of resources frequently referred to as the Yanoff guide. It is available as the file inet.services.txt via FTP from: csd4.csd.uwm.edu or 129.89.7.4 in the /pub/ directory. Note: Use FTP as login. Does not accept anonymous.

"Internet Resource Guide." Directory of information and research facilities on the Internet. To learn more or to subscribe, send a note to: RESOURCE-GUIDE-REQUEST@NNSC.NSF.NET Internet Resource Guide is available by anonymous ftp from: nnsc.nsf.net or 128.89.1.78 in the directory resource-guide. The title is wholeguide.txt. Note: Use FTP as login, not anonymous.

"The Internet and Services" by John December (decemj@rpi.edu) was distributed in 1993 and contains a list by general subject categories of information about the internet, its services, and computer networking.

[Internet Topics] send mail to: listserv@bitnic.bitnet Message: LIST GLOBAL /topic For example: LIST GLOBAL /Europe

INTERNET VOYAGER (a.k.a ELECTRONIC VOYAGER GUIDEBOOK) SOCIAL SCIENTIST'S GUIDEBOOK to AARNET/INTERNET Online Information Services by Dr T. Matthew Ciolek, Coombs Computing Unit, RSPacS/RSSS, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia (tmciolek@coombs.anu.edu.au) available as internet-voyager.txt from the directory via anonymous FTP on the node COOMBS.ANU.EDU.AU or 150.203.76.2] /coombspapers /coombsarchives /coombs-computing /internet-voyager-inf

Kehoe, Brendan P. Zen and the Art of the Internet: A Beginner's Guide to the Internet, 1st ed., 1993. Excellent introduction to Internet; operating-system neutral; for people comfortable with computers, but with little exposure to networks. The shorter and less complete Version 1.0 is available via anonymous ftp from the Colorado SuperNet: csn.org or 128.138.213.21 in directory: /pub/net/zen

Krol, Ed. The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Internet, Urbana- Champaign, Illinois. Version 1.0 dated 1989 is available by anonymous ftp from host: nic.ddn.mil or 192.112.36.5 directory is: rfc filename is: rfc1118.txt Note: There are indexes to the several hundred RFCs in this directory of the FTP server. His book, The Whole Internet: User's Guide & Catalog, (1992), which derived from this RFC is the best introductory work now available.

Library bibliographic networks in Europe : a Liber directory edited by Lorcan Dempsey. 2nd ed. The Hague, 1992. Descriptions of library bibliographic networks throughout Europe. Includes nearly fifty detailed entries from 15 European countries. The networks vary but typically support shared cataloguing services and union catalogue services by way of a central database. But does NOT include an internet address. O.M.Stone (O.M.Stone@southampton.ac.uk) who also suggested: RARE (Reseaux Associes pour la Recherche Europeenne) Technical Report 1 ... entitled "User Support and Information Services in Europe: A Status Report" provides information on 21 national networks, 1 regional network (NORDUnet) and the European networks CERN and EARN, with summary information, and email addresses for further information, on the networked library catalogues available through each system. Anonymous FTP to: mailbase.ac.uk or 128.240.2.118 It's: /pub/rare-wg3-usis/rtr-usis-92 Note: Login as FTP, not anonymous. Or send message to: mailserv@file.nic.surfnet.nl with the following in the message part: send rare/RTR/RTR1.txt (or RTR1.ps) {Described on PACS-L@UHUPVM1 in a message on 26-JAN-1993}

[Interest-groups] An alphabetically arranged list of listserv lists with very brief descriptions. The most complete listing of discussion lists on Bitnet and Internet. A copy can be obtained via anonymous ftp from: FTP.NISC.SRI.COM or 192.33.33.53 Note: Login as FTP, not anonymous. The file is in directory netinfo. It runs over 1 million bytes as of May 1993. A copy is also available as mail by sending email to: MAIL-SERVER@NISC.SRI.COM In the body put only the line: SEND NETINFO/INTEREST-GROUPS The file will be sent in several parts. Make sure your account has space to receive it. Another list has names and one-line descriptions of all discussion lists running as listservs on Bitnet. Send email to your nearest listserv and in the body type: LIST GLOBAL If you don't know your nearest backbone site, try sending mail to LISTSERV@NDSUVM1 with LIST GLOBAL in the body. This file currently is about 2200 lines long. You could also send the message: GET LISTSOF LISTS to: listserv@NDSUVM1 Also anonymous FTP to vm1.Nodak.edu

net-happenings@is.internic.net (NEW) and net-resources@is.internic.net (formerly nis@is.internic.net) net-happenings will distribute information about new tools on network access and similar information about conferences, etc. while net-resources will continue to distribute information about new resources on the net. Subscribe to: listserv@is.internic.net {Information supplied by Susan Calcari (susanc@internic.net) and Gleason Sackman (sackman@plains.nodak.edu)

"NETMONTH" a monthly ejournal of network news. Subscribe to Netmonth at: listserv@Marist.Bitnet or VM.Marist.edu

"New Users' Guide to Useful and Unique Resources on the Internet," which describes Telnet, FTP, and email services, is available via anonymous FTP: nysernet.org or 192.77.173.2 in the directory pub/guides The title is: new.user.guide.v2.2.txt

Noonan, Dana (noonan@msus1.msus.edu) has compiled a three-part guide to the Internet and catalogs available as: Guide1.NNEWS Guide2.NNEWS Guide3.NNEWS Available via mail from: listserv@ndsuvm1 Send a GET command for each item of interest. E.g. GET Guide1 NNEWS Anonymous ftp to: vm1.nodak.edu in the directory NNEWS. Guide1 has general information on networking for a non-technical audience; Guide2 covers online library catalogs in the U.S.; Guide3 covers libraries in other countries. "NNEWS" is a newsletter with Internet information compiled by Dana Noonan (Noonan@msus1.msus.edu). The issues are miscellaneous in content and directed towards a public library audience in large part, but are still worth reading. Subscribe to NNEWS at: listserv@NDSUVM1 or VM1.nodak.edu

St. George, Dr. Art and R. Larsen. Internet-accessible library catalogs and databases, Albuquerque, New Mexico, and College Park, Maryland. Available by email; send message: GET LIBRARY PACKAGE to: listserv@unmvm.bitnet Also available as Internet library by anonymous ftp from various hosts, including: usc.edu or 128.125.253.136 directory /net-resources or iraun1.ira.uka.de or 129.13.10.90 in the directory /pub/networks/netinfos as the file internet- accessible-catalog Also available by anonymous ftp from host ariel.unm.edu or 129.24.8.1 directory library filename: internet.library (ASCII).

Strangelove, Michael, comp. "Directory of Electronic Journals and Newsletters," (1992). Send mail to LISTSERV@UOTTAWA and in the body type: GET EJOURNL1 DIRECTRY on the first line and GET EJOURNL2 DIRECTRY on the second line. This lists, describes and tells how to access 500 scholarly lists, 30 journals, and 60 newsletters.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I would like to thank all my colleagues for their continued assistance and in particular James Campbell (University of Virginia), Frank di Trolio (Florida State University), John Wanserski (Wendt Engineering Library, University of Wisconsin- Madison), Jeffry Larson (Yale University), Charles Spetland (University of Minnesota) for their valuable contributions to my understanding of electronic resources in the humanities and to Paul Crawford who carefully typed the text and helped in innumerable other ways to get this revision ready for dissemination.