This subcategory contains 64 links

A Civil Rights Watershed in Biloxi, Mississippi (464 clicks)

A Class of One. February 18, 1997 Transcript.(427 clicks)
"In 1960, 6-year-old Ruby Bridges Hall became the first African American child to desegregate an elementary school. In honor of National Black History Month, Hall discusses her memories of the first day she entered her new school in New Orleans, her first year when she was in a class of one, and her efforts today to improve education."

Birmingham , Alabama Civil Rights Institute(432 clicks)
The Birmingham Civil Rights Institute takes its visitors on one of this nation's most significant journeys by capturing the spirit and courage of countless individuals who, during the 1950's and 1960's, dared to confront the bigotry and racial discrimination of American society.

Brown v. Board of Education (1954)(518 clicks)
Article on the controversial 1954 decision.

Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka: 40 Years Later(453 clicks)

Central High 1957: Photography by Will Counts(430 clicks)
Integration in Little Rock, Arkansas

Civil Rights Act of 1875(452 clicks)
Text of the law.

Civil Rights Act of 1964(469 clicks)
Complete text.

Civil Rights and African Americans in the United States(416 clicks)

Civil Rights Audio/Video Archive(453 clicks)
Both audio and video clips are available

Civil Rights in America: Connections to a Movement(420 clicks)

Civil Rights in Mississippi Digital Archive(430 clicks)
From the University of Southern Mississippi

Civil Rights Pioneers John Due and Patricia Stephens Due(423 clicks)

Civil Rights: A Status Report(469 clicks)

Documents Related to Brown v. Board of Education(772 clicks)
From the National Archives and Records Administration. Includes a letter from President Eisenhower.

Emancipation Proclamation(414 clicks)

Eyes on the Prize(460 clicks)

Finding Place for the Negro(453 clicks)
Robert C. Weaver and the Groundwork for the Civil Rights Movement By Walter B. Hill, Jr.

Greenboro Sit-Ins(430 clicks)
Launch of a Civil Rights Movement

Independent Lens: The Story of the Greensboro Four(482 clicks)

Ku Klux Klan(419 clicks)

Ku Klux Klan(518 clicks)

Legacu of Medgar Evans(610 clicks)
NPR--"40 Years After Civil Rights Leader's Death, a Changed Mississippi"

Little Rock's Central High(435 clicks)
The crisis of 1857 and a look at 40 years later.

March on Washington, 1963(431 clicks)
Story behind and of the march and demonstration.

Mississippi Civil Rights Oral History Bibliography(431 clicks)
Bibliography of Oral History Interviews on the Civil Rights Movement in Mississippi.

National Civil Rights Museum(431 clicks)
The National Civil Rights Museum offers the first and only comprehensive overview of the civil rights movement in exhibit form.

Oh Freedom Over Me(456 clicks)
"February 2001
In the summer of 1964, about a thousand young Americans, black and white, came together in Mississippi for a peaceful assault on racism."

Photo tour of the Civil Rights Movement(443 clicks)
From the Seattle Times.

Photographs of Signs Enforcing Racial Discrimination(697 clicks)
"This reference aid includes all the known images of discrimination signs found in the Farm Security Administration-Office of War Information file of photographic prints. This list was compiled in response to frequent patron requests for such images. The list is updated as additional images are discovered."

Plessy v. Ferguson(505 clicks)
Short but with hyperlinks. Part of a larger black history site.

Plessy v. Ferguson (1892)(417 clicks)
Decision which created the "Separate but Equal" doctrine.

Plessy v. Ferguson, 163 U.S. 537 (1896)(430 clicks)
Supreme Court decision establishing the doctrine of "separate but equal."

Remembering the Trenton Six Case(490 clicks)
A "Northern Lynching," 1949.

Roberts Versus Boston(445 clicks)
"In 1848, five-year-old Sarah Roberts was barred from the local primary school simply because she was black. Her father sued the City. The lawsuit was part of an organized effort by the African-American community to end racially segregated schools."

Rosa Parks Telling Her Story (440 clicks)

Rosas Parks, Civil Rights Pioneer(460 clicks)
"Rosa Parks has been called the "mother of the civil rights movement" and one of the most important citizens of the 20th century. Mrs. Parks was a seamstress in Montgomery, Alabama when, in December of 1955, she refused to give up her seat on a city bus to a white passenger. The bus driver had her arrested. She was tried and convicted of violating a local ordinance. "

Ruby Bridges(447 clicks)
The Education of Ruby Nell by Ruby Bridges Hall, New Orleans, LA Take another look at the cover of this magazine. The little girl on the left is me in November 1960, walking up the steps of William Frantz Public School in New Orleans, the first black student at the formerly all-white elementary school. That's me now, on the right, married, a mother of four. Forty years separate those pictures.

Security handbook -- Orientation for workers, freedom Summer, 1964(455 clicks)

Separation of Church and State principle(475 clicks)
"The Separation of Church and State principle is a part of our historical, legal and political / social heritage and preserves and protects our religious liberty. Our page is devoted to exploring the nature and purpose of this principle in an effort to educate the public. We also intend this page to provide a resource to anyone involved in the on-going Church and State debate."

Sitting for Justice(411 clicks)
The Greensboro, North Carolina sit-ins of 1960.

SNCC 1960-1966(535 clicks)
"On February 1, 1960, a group of black college students from North Carolina A&T University refused to leave a Woolworth's lunch counter in Greensboro, North Carolina where they had been denied service. This sparked a wave of other sit-ins in college towns across the South. The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, or SNCC (pronounced "snick"), was created on the campus of Shaw University in Raleigh two months later to coordinate these sit-ins, support their leaders, and publicize their activities."

SNCC, 1960-66(465 clicks)
History of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, a leading civil rights organization.

Social Movements and Culture(455 clicks)
Chicano/a Latino/a Movements.

Sweatt v. Painter, 339 U.S. 629 (1950) (USSC+)(453 clicks)
Desegregation of the University of Texas Law School

The Chinese Question(456 clicks)
A s the western frontier matured, the growth of industry gave rise to a white laboring class. Those with grievances against capitalist exploitation found a convenient scapegoat in the Chinese. Finding big business too powerful to fight, working class Americans struck instead at the Chinese minority.

The 1957-58 School Year(406 clicks)
History of Little Rock Public Schools Desegregation

The Central High Crisis, 1957(416 clicks)
The Arkansas Democrat and Arkansas Gazette present a retrospective of the integration crisis at Central High School in Little Rock in 1957.

The Civil Rights Movement 1955-1965: Introduction(613 clicks)
Essay on the movement.

The Courage of Rosa Parks(328 clicks)
"Rosa Parks stood up for herself and all black Americans by sitting down. Kids can learn more about her courageous act and reflect on their own acts of courage in a special moderated kid's forum"

The Desegregation of the Armed Forces(315 clicks)
The Executive Order plus commentary and teaching materials.

The Forgotten Martyrs of Orangeburg(349 clicks)
The Orangeburg Massacre of 1968.

The Japanese American Internment(304 clicks)

The Montgomery Bus Boycott(285 clicks)
Annotated list of links.

The Montgomery Bus Boycott(344 clicks)

The National Civil Rights Museum(279 clicks)
"The Museum presents a timeline of the civil rights struggle relating to African Americans and concentrates on the seminal events of the 1950's and 1960's. Exhibits include: Montgomery Bus Boycott; Brown vs. Board of Topeka; Little Rock; The March on Washington; Freedom Movement; March from Selma to Montgomery; Memphis Sanitation Workers Strike; and The Struggle Continues."

The story of the Greensboro sit-ins(272 clicks)

Thomas Zimmerman, "Plessy v. Ferguson"(263 clicks)
Analysis of the case.

Touchstone: A Visit to the Civil Rights Memorial(278 clicks)
"ake five minutes to travel with Peggy Steele Clay to the Civil Rights Memorial in Montgomery, Alabama. Watch the memories unfold."

U. S. vs Cecil Price et al.(293 clicks)
The "Mississippi Burning" Trial, 1967.

Voices of Civil Rights(287 clicks)
AARP, the Leadership Conference on Civil Rights (LCCR), and the Library of Congress have teamed up to collect and preserve personal accounts of America's struggle to fulfill the promise of equality for all. We invite you to share your story and explore this site, a tribute to those who were a part of the civil rights experience and to the continuing quest for equality. Begin by learning about the power of a story.

Voting Tests pre-1965(521 clicks)
"Prior to passage of the federal Voting Rights Act in 1965, Southern (and some Western) states maintained elaborate voter registration procedures whose primary purpose was to deny the vote to nonwhites. This process was often referred to as a "literacy test." But in fact, it was much more than just a reading test, it was an entire complex system devoted to denying African-Americans (and in some regions, Latinos and Native Americans) the right to vote. "

We Shall Overcome:Historic Places of the Civil Rights Movement(309 clicks)
National Park Service guide.

Without Sanctuary(295 clicks)
Searching through America's past for the last 25 years, collector James Allen uncovered an extraordinary visual legacy: photographs and postcards taken as souvenirs at lynchings throughout America. With essays by Hilton Als, Leon Litwack, Congressman John Lewis and James Allen, these photographs have been published as a book "Without Sanctuary" by Twin Palms Publishers . Features will be added to this site over time and it will evolve into an educational tool. Please be aware before entering the site that much of the material is very disturbing.